JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Probability Question Bank Use of permutations and combinations in probability

  • question_answer
    A three digit number is formed by using numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4. The probability that the number is divisible by 3, is

    A)            \[\frac{2}{3}\]                          

    B)            \[\frac{2}{7}\]

    C)            \[\frac{1}{2}\]                          

    D)            \[\frac{3}{4}\]

    Correct Answer: C

    Solution :

                       Total number of ways to form the numbers of three digit with 1, 2, 3 and 4 are \[{}^{4}{{P}_{3}}=4\,!=24\]            If the numbers are divisible by three then their sum of digits must be 3, 6 or 9                    But sum 3 is impossible. Then for sum 6, digits are 1, 2, 3                    Number of ways \[=3\,!\]                    Similarly for sum 9, digits are 2, 3, 4. Number of ways =3!                    Thus number of favorable ways \[=3\,!+3\,!\]                    Hence required probability \[=\frac{3\,!\,+\,3\,!}{4\,!}=\frac{12}{24}=\frac{1}{2}.\]


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