JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Probability Question Bank Use of permutations and combinations in probability

  • question_answer
    There are n different objects 1, 2, 3,......n distributed at random in n places marked 1, 2, 3, ......n. The probability that at least three of the objects occupy places corresponding to their number is

    A)            \[\frac{1}{6}\]                          

    B)            \[\frac{5}{6}\]

    C)            \[\frac{1}{3}\]                          

    D)            None of these

    Correct Answer: A

    Solution :

                       Let \[{{E}_{i}}\] denote the event that the \[{{i}^{th}}\] object goes to the \[{{i}^{th}}\] place, we have \[P({{E}_{i}})=\frac{(n-1)\,!}{n\,!}=\frac{1}{n},\forall \,\,i\]                    and \[P({{E}_{1}}\cap {{E}_{j}}\cap {{E}_{l}})=\frac{(n-3)\,\,!}{n\,\,!}\] for \[i<j<k\]                    Since we can choose 3 places out of n in \[{}^{n}{{C}_{3}}\] ways.                    The probability of the required event is \[{}^{n}{{C}_{3}}.\frac{(n-3)\,!}{n\,!}=\frac{1}{6}\].


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