JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Probability Question Bank Use of permutations and combinations in probability

  • question_answer
    There are 5 volumes of Mathematics among 25 books. They are arranged on a shelf in random order. The probability that the volumes of Mathematics stand in increasing order from left to right (the volumes are not necessarily kept side by side) is

    A)            \[\frac{1}{5\,!}\]                       

    B)            \[\frac{50\,!}{55\,!}\]

    C)            \[\frac{1}{{{50}^{5}}}\]     

    D)            None of these

    Correct Answer: A

    Solution :

                       Five places for 5 volumes of Mathematics from 25 places of books can be select in \[{}^{25}{{C}_{5}}\] ways.            In these places, we are not to permute the 5 volumes since order of these 5 volumes is fixed i.e., \[{{v}_{1}},\,{{v}_{2}},\,{{v}_{3}},\,{{v}_{4}},\,{{v}_{5}}.\]                    Remaining 20 books can be arranged in \[20\,\,!\] ways.                    \[\therefore \] Favourable ways \[={}^{25}{{C}_{5}}.\,20\,\,!=\frac{25\,\,!\,.\,20\,\,!}{5\,\,!\,\,20\,\,!}=\frac{25\,\,!}{5\,\,!}\]                    Also total number of ways \[=25\,\,!\]                    \[\therefore \] Probability \[=\frac{25\,\,!}{5\,\,!\,\,25\,\,!}=\frac{1}{5\,\,!}\].


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