question_answer

          It is known that global carbon in the biosphere is fixed through the process of photosynthesis. How is it done? Also, mention the ways by which carbon is eventually returned to the atmosphere.

Answer:

Carbon presents in the hydrosphere and lithosphere is picked up by the producers in the process of photosynthesis and is utilised to manufacture organic compounds. This carbon fixed by the producers enters the food chain and is passed on to other organisms.                                                                                                                       

The various ways by which the carbon is eventually returned to the atmosphere are as follows

(i) Respiration

(ii) Decomposition of organic wastes and dead bodies.

(iii) Burning of fossil fuels.

(iv) Weathering, volcanic eruption and forest fires, etc.