| Describe the function of restriction enzymes. Give an example. |
| OR |
| Write any two uses of gene cloning. |
Answer:
Restriction enzymes are used in genetic engineering for the construction of recombinant DNA molecules.
When cut by the same restriction enzyme, the formed DNA fragments have the same kind of 'sticky ends' which can be joined together end to end by use of DNA-ligases.
Example: EcoRI is an endonuclease enzyme isolated from strains of E.coli and a part of restriction modified system.
OR
Uses of gene cloning are:
(a) Genes of interest can be inserted into animals, so as to produce better farm animals.
(b) Specific proteins like insulin, hormones, interferons, vitamins can be manufactured in bacteria on an industrial basis.
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