the d4
species, 
is
strongly reducing while manganese (III) is strongly oxidising.
(ii) The d configuration is very unstable in
ions.
(iii) Cobalt (II) is sable in aqueous solution but in the
presence of complexing reagents it is easily oxidised.
[
]
Answer:
(i)
When 
is
oxidised there is no effect on the stability. Thus is a
reducing agent.
When 
is
reduced to 
stability
increases. Thus 
is
an oxidising agent. [1]
(ii) We can
consider the case of Sc (21)
is
unstable and is easily oxidised to 
to
attain stable configuration of the inert gas 
Thus, 3d1
configuration is very unstable in ion.
[1]
(iii)
Thus 
is
oxidised to 
when
complexing takes place.
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