| Consider the following barriers |
| 1. Anti-dumping practice |
| 2. Packaging, labeling, and making standards |
| 3. Charges on imports |
| 4. Rules of origin |
| 5. Sanitary and phyto-sanitary conditions |
| Which of the barriers given above is/are come under the Non-Tarif F Barriers (NTBs) of WTO? |
A) 1, 2, 3 and 5
B) 1, 3, 4 and 5
C) 2, 3, 4 and 5
D) All of these
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
[d] Non-tariff barriers to trade (NTBs) are trade barriers that restrict imports but are not in the usual form of a tariff. Some common examples of NTB's are anti-dumping measures and countervailing duties, which, although called non-tariff barriers, have the effect of tariffs once they are enacted. Non-tariff barriers to trade include import quotas, special licenses, unreasonable standards for the quality of goods, bureaucratic delays at customs, export restrictions, limiting the activities of state trading, export subsidies, countervailing duties, technical barriers to trade, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, rules of origin, etc. Sometimes in this list they include macroeconomic measures affecting trade.
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