Answer:
(a) Given, Current = 1 A, Potential difference
Total resistance in the circuit (1/2)
Conductor of and lamp in series,
(1)
Potential difference across lamp
(1/2)
(b) When resistance is connected in parallel with R, then total resistance R' in the circuit is given by
(1)
Current through the circuit
Since, and R are in parallel,
Current through, (1)
Thus, current through lamp and conductor of in series is 1 A i.e., there is no change in current through conductor of . (1 /2)
Potential difference across lamp
i.e., there is no change in potential difference across the lamp. (1/2)
Or
(a) Bulbs in parallel provide more illumination because of the following
(i) Each bulb gets same voltage and is equal to the applied voltage.
(ii) Each bulb draws required current from the mains.
Hence, they work properly.
(b) When one bulb in each circuit get fused,
In series Rest of the bulbs will not glow. This is because in series arrangement, there is only a single path for the flow of current.
In parallel Rest of the bulbs will continue to glow as in parallel.
(i) Individual branch in the circuit completes its own circuit.
(ii) Different paths are available for the flow of current. (1 x 2)
(c) Circuit diagram
For series
For parallel
(1 x 2)
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