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Direction: In the question below are three statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the three statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the three statements disregarding commonly known facts.

Statements:

All watches are cards.

Some cards are clips.

All clips are chairs.

Conclusions:

I. All chairs being cards is a possibility.

II. All clips being watches is a possibility

A)  if only conclusion I follows.

B)  if only conclusion II follows.

C)  if either conclusion I or conclusion II follows.

D)  if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II follows.

E)  if both conclusion I and conclusion II follow.

Correct Answer: A

Solution :

(i) All plants are bottles \[\to \] Universal Affirmative (A-type).

(ii) Some shoes are handkerchiefs\[\to \]Particular Affirmative (I-type).

(iii) No calculator is a shoe\[\to \] Universal Negative (E-type).

(iv) Some calculators are not shoes \[\to \]Particular Negative (O-type).

  I + A \[\Rightarrow \]I-type of Conclusion "Some cards are chairs." Its Converse would be: "Some chairs are cards." If some chairs are cards, then all chairs being cards is a possibility.