Answer:
The upper crust of the earth, which is capable of supporting vegetation is called soil. We usually see the surface of the soil. The sides of trench, sides of a hill or steep river banks are clearly visible different zones or layers. The side-view of soil zones or layers is known as soil profile. The uppermost layer of the soil is called A-horizon or topsoil. It absorbs maximum water. The topsoil consists of soil particles, minerals, water and humus. The decomposed organic matter (decayed plants and animals) remains forms a spongy and brownish or blackish material known as humus. The humus makes the soil very fertile. It also increases water holding capacity of the soil. Worms, insects, algae and fungi are found in the top soil. Roots of plants are also find in this layer. Plants are get essential nutrients from the topsoil through roots.
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