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Directions for questions 21 to 25: You have a passage followed by questions based on it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.

Placebo literally means "I shall please". Placebos are inert substances given to some volunteers in a given study while other volunteers are treated with, experimental drugs whose effect is tested by measuring the difference in response to the powerless placebo and to the drug. Some of a group of volunteers who had just had their wisdom teeth extracted were given morphine to alleviate their pain; the others swallowed a placebo they believed to be morphine. Many of the placebo recipients said they experienced dramatic relief from their plan. However, when a drug that blocks the effects of end or phine was given them, the pain returned almost immediately. The test confirmed something very important; when a patient believes he or she has been given a pain reliever, the brain releases chemicals to substantiate the belief. In short, the placebo effect is an act of faith. Very recent studies have determined that the placebo effect is much more powerful than previously imagined. So be careful what you believe and pretend it may come to pass.

Why are placebos administered?

A)  To measure patient's response experimental drugs.

B)  To measure patient's response to placebos.

C)  To measure patient's response endorphine.

D)  To measure patient's response to prayers.