JEE Main & Advanced Chemistry Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry / रसायन की कुछ मूलभूत अवधारणाएँ Sample Paper Topic Test - Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

  • question_answer
    The empirical formula of a compound composed of 38.4% potassium, 36.3% oxygen, 23.7% carbon and 1.66% hydrogen is determined to be

    A) \[~K{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}{{O}_{4}}\]

    B) \[{{K}_{3}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}{{O}_{7}}\]

    C) \[{{K}_{2}}CH{{O}_{3}}\]

    D) \[{{K}_{6}}{{C}_{4}}{{H}_{5}}{{O}_{7}}\]

    Correct Answer: B

    Solution :

    [b]
    Element %by mass Atomic mass Rel.no.of moles of element Simplest molar ratio
    K 38.4 39.10 \[\frac{38.4}{39.10}=0.982\] \[\frac{0.982}{0.982}=1\]
    O 36.3 16.00 \[\frac{36.3}{16.00}=2.27\] \[\frac{2.27}{0.982}=2.3\]
    C 23.7 12.01 \[\frac{23.7}{12.01}=1.97\] \[\frac{1.97}{0.982}=2.00\]
    H 1.66 1 1.01 \[\frac{1.66}{1.01}=1.64\] \[\frac{1.64}{0.982}=1.67\]
    In this case fractions are in thirds so a factor of 3 will change
    Simple molar ratio Fraction nearest decimal value Nearest factor Whole no. mole ratio
    1.00 mol K 1 mol K \[\times 3\] 3 mol K
    2.31 mol O 2 1/3 mol O \[\times 3\] 7 mol O
    2.01 mol C 2 mol C \[\times 3\] 6 mol C
    1.67 mol 4 1 2/3 mol H \[\times 3\] 5 mol H
    Hence empirical formula is \[{{K}_{3}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}{{O}_{7}}\] which is formula of potassium citrate.


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