A) isomerisation
B) alkylation
C) cyclisation
D) all of these
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
The quality of fuel is expressed in terms of octane number. Arbitrary scale of octane number has been set up using n- heptane and iso-octane (2, 2 4, trimethyl pentane), as reference compound, n-heptane straight chain alkane cause maximum knocking and is a poor quality fuel. It octane number is zero. Iso-octane being a branched chain hydrocarbons show high resistance to knocking. It is an ideal fuel and has octane number 100. Octane number of a fuel is the percentage by volume of iso-octane in a mixture of iso-octane and n-heptane which possesses the same knocking performance in the experimental engine as the fuel under examination. Octane umber of the fuel can be improved by the following methods: (i) By cracking (branching) (ii) By adding TEL (tetra ethyl lead) (iii) by alkylation (iv) by isomerisation (v) cyclization or by adding cyclic compounds
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