A) partly potential and partly kinetic
B) totally kinetic
C) totally potential
D) none of the above
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
Internal energy (U) (also known as intrinsic energy) is a state function. A fixed quantity of any substance is associated with a definite amount of energy which depends upon chemical nature of substance is known as internal energy. The various energy which contribute towards internal energy are : Translational energy of molecules \[({{E}_{t}})\] Rotational energy of molecules \[({{E}_{r}})\] Vibrational energy of molecules \[({{E}_{v}})\] Electronic energy \[({{E}_{e}})\] Nuclear energy \[({{E}_{n}})\] Interaction energy of molecules \[({{E}_{i}})\] \[u={{E}_{t}}+{{E}_{r}}+{{E}_{v}}+{{E}_{e}}+{{E}_{n}}+{{E}_{i}}\] Change in internal energy \[(\Delta u)\] of a reaction is \[\Delta U={{U}_{product}}-{{U}_{reac\tan t}}\] According to I law of thermodynamics \[\Delta U\ne q+W\] q = heat energy W = work done So internal energy is partly potential and partly kinetic.
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