A) malate - aspartate shuttle
B) glycerol phosphate shuttle
C) ATPase
D) permease.
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
: The malate aspartate shuttle is the principal mechanisms for the movement of reducing equivalents (in the form of NADH) from cytoplasm to the mitochondria. Malate-aspartate-shuttle results in the transfer of electrons from NAD.2H in cytosol to NAD inside the mitochondrion, via NAD.2H dehydrogenase as follows Electrons are transferred from NAD.2H in cytosol to malate which traverses the inner mitochondrial membrane and reoxidised to form NAD.2H thus resulting in the formation of oxaloacetate. Oxaloacetate does not readily cross the inner mitochondrial membrane and so a transammation reaction is needpd to form aspartate which does traverse this barrier. As a result 3 ATP molecules are generated for each pair of electrons. Thus if this suttle is predominant there is a gain of 38 ATP molecules by complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose.
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