A) Aldosterone
B) Oestrogen
C) Glucocorticoids
D) Testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone. It is also known as ?salt?retaining hormone?. It acts primarily at the kidney to promote the uptake of sodium and other salts from urine. Sodium ions play critical role in nerve conduction and many other body functions. Their concentration also influences blood pressure. Without aldosterone, sodium ions are not retrieved from the body fluid and are lost in the urine. Loss of salt in the blood causes water to leave the bloodstream and enter cell, thus blood pressure falls. Oestrogen stimulates development of secondary sexual characteristic and growth of sex organs at puberty, prompt monthly preparation of uterus for pregnancy. Glucocorticoids are also steroid hormones secreted by cortex of adrenal medulla. These include two main hormones, eg, cortisol (95%) and corticosterone. Cortisol aids in adaptation to long term stress, raises blood glucose level, mobilizes fat stores, stimulates carbohydrate metabolism, acts to reduce inflammation. Testosterone stimulates development of secondary sexual characteristic and growth at puberty.
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