A) normal roots of Cycas
B) normal roots of Pinus
C) coralloid roots of Cycas
D) stem of Cycas
Correct Answer: C
Solution :
Coralloid roots of Cycas are specialized apo-geotropic roots, which grow on the surface of the soil. They are repeatedly dichotomously branched and appear as coralline masses. A specific algal zone consisting of a single layer of loosely connected thin walled and radially elongated cells is present. In this zone, blue-green algae such as Anabaena cycadae, Nostoc punctiforme and Oscillatoria sp. occur, which live symbiotically. Normal Roots of Cycas are long lived primary roots forming tap root. These roots are positively geotropic and their main function is anchorage and absorption of water and mineral nutrients. Normal Roots of Pinus are typical tap roots. The lateral roots grow extensively and help the plant to keep firmly in the soil. The root hairs are poorly developed and the roots are covered with fungal hyphae, called mycorrhizae. The fungi present in the mycorrhiza are mainly the species of Amantia, Bolyutus, Clavaria and Scleroderma of class-Basidiomycetes. Young stem of Cycas is tuberous and subterranean and its apical part remains covered with brown scale leaves. In older plants, stem becomes thick, columnar and woody and covered with persistent and woody leaf base.
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