question_answer

Ethyl chloride is converted into diethyl ether by

A)  Perkins reaction

B)  Wurtz-Fittig reaction

C)  Wurtz reaction

D)  Williamsons synthesis

Correct Answer: D

Solution :

                 Williamsons synthesis This reaction is used to   prepare   both   symmetrical   and unsymmetrical ethers by treating alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide or sodium phenoxide. \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  ethyl \\  chloride \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}Cl}}\,+\underset{\begin{smallmatrix}  sodium \\  ethoxide \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}ONa}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underset{diethyl\text{ }ether}{\mathop{{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}O{{C}_{2}}{{H}_{5}}}}\,+NaCl\]Perkins reaction Benzaldehyde on heating with acetic anhydride in the presence of sodium acetate and the hydrolysis of product obtained gives \[\alpha ,\beta \] unsaturated acid, cinnamic acid.   \[\underset{cinnamic\text{ }add}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CH=CHCOOH}}\,+C{{H}_{3}}COOH\] Wurtz reaction Alkyl halide react with sodium in the presence of dry ether to form alkanes. \[C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}Cl+2Na+ClC{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{3}}\] \[\xrightarrow{Dry\text{ }ether}\underset{butane}{\mathop{C{{H}_{3}}C{{H}_{2}}\,.\,\,C{{H}_{2}}C{{H}_{3}}}}\,+2NaCl\] Wurtz-Fittig reaction Haloalkanes react with haloarenes in the presence of sodium and anhydrous ether to form alkyl benzene.