A) there is intermolecular hydrogen bonding in para nitrophenol and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in ortho nitrophenol
B) there is intramolecular hydrogen bonding in para nitrophenol and intermolecular hydrogen bonding in ortho nitrophenol
C) both have the same kind of hydrogen bonding
D) para nitrophenol is polar, while ortho nitrophenol is non-polar
E) van der Waals forces are stronger in ortho nitrophenol
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
Phenols containing group like\[N{{O}_{2}}\]in the ortho position to the \[-OH\] group can form intramolecular hydrogen bonds (e. g., o-nitrophenol) which is responsible for their lower boiling points and less solubility in water than the corresponding meta or para isomer. Due to possibility of intramolecular H-bonding (also known as chelation) in the ortho isomer, intermolecular H-bonding is not possible and hence, the ortho isomer can neither associate nor can form H-bonding with\[{{H}_{2}}O\]with the result it has a low boiling point and less solubility in\[{{H}_{2}}O\]than the meta and para isomers which can associate (union of 2 or more molecules of the same species) as well as can form H-bonding with\[{{H}_{2}}O\].
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