A) FSH and LH
B) ADH and oxytocin
C) TSH and STH
D) ACTH and MSH
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
ADH and Oxytocin: Are produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. The posterior pituitary gland consists of pituicytes and axon terminals of the hypothalamic nerosecretory cells. The cell bodies of the neurosecretory cells are in the periventricular and supraopdc nuclei of the hypothalamus oxytocin (OT), during and after delivery of a baby has two targets the mothers uterus and breasts. During delivery it enhances the contraction of smooth muscles in the wall of the uterus. After delivery it stimulates milk ejection from the mammary glands, in response to the mechanical stimulus of the suckling infant anridiuretic hormone or ADH is a substance that decreases urine production. Its prime action is to retain body water. It does this by decreasing water lost by sweating and causing Iddneys to return more water to blood, thus decreasing urine volume. At high concentration ADH also causes constriction of arterioles, which increases blood pressure. It is due to this effect that ADH is also called vasopressin. Retention of more water by the kidneys, also leads to production of concentrated urine. Release is by nervous stimulus. FSH, LH, TSH, STH, ACTH and MSH are all released from the anterior pituitary gland. Somatorophic hormone or STH is produced by anterior pituitary gland cells called somatoprophs. It is also known as growth hormone (GH). It stimulates general body growth and regulates different aspects of metabolism. Thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH, is synthesized by thyrotrophs. It controls secretion and other activities of thyroid gland. Follicle stimulating hormone or FSH, and Luteiniging hormone or LH, both are produced by gonadotroph cells of anterior pituitary gland together FSH and LH stimulate secretions of estrogens and progesterone, and maturation of oocytes in the ovaries, and also secretion of testosterone and production of sperms. Adrenocorrico trophic hormone or ACTH and melanocytes stimulating hormone or MSH are produced by the corticotroph cells of anterior pituitary gland. ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids MSH affects skin pigmentation.
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