A) carotene
B) xanthophyll
C) phytochrome
D) cytochrome
Correct Answer: C
Solution :
Phytochrome is a proteinaceous pigment found in low concentration in most plant organs. The phytochrome consists of two different forms i.e., red light absorbing form designated as \[{{P}_{R}}\]and far red light absorbing designated as \[{{P}_{FR}}\]. Carotenes are hydrocarbons with a general formula of \[{{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}\]. Red colour of tomato and chillies is due to carotene called lycopene. \[\text{ }\!\!\beta\!\!\text{ }\]-carotene produces vitamin A in animals. Xanthophylls are oxygen containing derivatives of carotenes e.g., \[{{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}\] (cryptoxanthin), \[{{C}_{40}}{{H}_{56}}{{O}_{2}}\] (lutein, zeaxanthin). Yellowish colour of autumnal foliage is due to lutein. Cytochrome is an enzyme found in plants and animals, composed of iron, a protein, and a porphyrin, that catalyse intracellular oxidations.
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