A) crystallization
B) fractional crystallization
C) distillation
D) steam distillation
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
[a] Crystallisation: This method is used to purify solids which are soluble in water. [b] Fractional crystallisation: This method is used to separate mixtures in which more than one solid is dissolved in the same solvent. [c] Distillation: This method is used to purify liquids. [d] Steam distillation: This method is used for separating mixtures in which one of the components is volatile at the temperature of steam and other is not. o-nitrophenol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding and p-nitrophenol has intramolecular hydrogen bonding (stronger bonds). Due to this boiling point of o-nitrophenol is less than that of p-nitrophenol. o-nitrophenol is steam volatile where as p-nitrophenol is not. So they can be separated by steam distillation.
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