A) Aluminium (III) chloride
B) Lead (II) nitrate
C) Sodium chloride
D) Magnesium nitrate
Correct Answer: A
Solution :
Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property ie, depends only upon the number of particles, not on their nature. Thus, higher the number of particles in a solution, higher is the boiling point. In aqueous solution, the given compounds ionise as \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \text{aluminium}\,\text{(III)} \\ \text{chloride} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{AlC{{l}_{3}}}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underbrace{A{{l}^{3}}+3C{{l}^{-}}}_{\text{4}\,\text{ions}}\] \[\underset{\text{lead}\,\text{(II)}\,\text{nitrate}}{\mathop{Pb{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underbrace{P{{b}^{2}}+2NO_{3}^{-}}_{3\,ions}\] \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \text{sodium} \\ \text{chloride} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{NaCl}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underbrace{N{{a}^{+}}+C{{l}^{-}}}_{2\,ions}\] \[\underset{\begin{smallmatrix} \text{magneshium} \\ \text{nitrate} \end{smallmatrix}}{\mathop{Mg{{(N{{O}_{3}})}_{2}}}}\,\xrightarrow{{}}\underbrace{M{{g}^{2}}+2NO_{3}^{-}}_{3\,ions}\] Thus, the aqueous solution of \[\text{AlC}{{\text{l}}_{\text{3}}}\](aluminium III chloride) has the highest boiling point.
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