Answer:
Salt March of Gandhiji
(i) On 12th March 1930- Gandhiji began the march from Sabarmad and broke the salt Law by making salt at Dandi and broke the monopoly of the salt.
(ii) Parallel salt marches and protests were also conducted in other pans of the country. Peasants, factory workers, lawyers, students and local officials joined the march.
(iii) During the March Gandhiji told the upper castes that if they want Swaraj they must serve untouchables. Hindus, Muslims, Parsis and Sikhs have to unite and these are the steps towards Swaraj.
(iv) The salt march of Gandhiji was reported in the American news magazine, Time. In its 1st report on the march the magazine was deeply skeptical of the salt march reaching its destination. But shortly it changed its view" and saluted Gandhi as a ?saint ?and statesman.
(v) Salt March was notable for three reasons: Firstly this event brought Gandhiji to world attention. It was widely covered by the European and American Press. Secondly it was the 1st nationalist activity in which women participated in large numbers. Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay the socialist activist persuaded Gandhiji not to restrict the protest to men alone. She herself courted arrest by breaking salt and Liquor Laws.
Thirdly the most significant aspect of the Salt March was that it forced the British the realization that their Raj would not last forever, and they would have to devolve some powder to the Indians.
(vi) To that end British Government convened a series of Round Table Conferences in London. First meeting was held in Nov 1930 without any pre-eminent political Indian leader and was futile. When Gandhiji was released from jail in Jan 1931, many meetings were held with the Viceroy and it culminated in the ?Gandhi Irwin Pact? by which civil disobedience would be called off and all prisoners were released and salt manufacture allowed along the coast. Gandhiji represented the congress at Second Round Table Conference at London.
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