question_answer

Explain any three constraints on the American Power.

Or

The conflict of 1962, in which India suffered military reverses, had long-term implications for India-China relations. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were downgraded until 1976. Thereafter, relations between the two countries began to improve slowly. After the change in China's political leadership from the mid to late 1970s, China's policy became more pragmatic and less ideological. So it was prepared to put off the settlement of contentious issue while improving relations with India. A series of talks to resolve the border issue were also initiated in 1981.

Study the paragraph given above carefully and answer the following questions:

(i) Why did India suffer military reverses as a result of the conflict of 1962?

(ii) When did the relation between India and China slowly improve?

(iii) What was the change in the policy of China in the seventies?

(iv) Which efforts were made to resolve the border issue between India and China?

 

Answer:

At the beginning of 21s1 century the United States was a superpower. But history tells that empires decline because they decay from within. Similarly the biggest constraint to American hegemony is from within. Broadly, there are three constraints on American power.

1. The first constraint is institutional architecture of the American state itself. American system is based on division of power between three organs of government i.e., legislature, executive and judiciary. These organs put may restrictions on military powers.

2. The second constraint on American power is the open nature of the American society.

3. The third constraint on American power is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

Out of these three constraints, third constraint on American power is most important in the future. NATO is the only organization in the world which can put some check on the American power. NATO will be successful in moderating the U.S, hegemony.

Or

(i) India suffered military reverses in 1962 due to lack of military preparedness and non-seriousness of leadership.

(ii) Relations between the two countries began to improve from 1976.

(iii) China?s policy became more pragmatic and less ideological after the change in political leadership in the seventies.

(iv) To resolve the border issue between India and China a series of talks were initiated in 1981.