question_answer

Describe the three main complaints related to the U.N. Security Council which were reflected in the resolution passed by the U.N. General Assembly in 1992.

Or

Describe various aspects of human security as well as global security.

Answer:

Two basic reforms:

In 1992, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution. The resolution reflected three main complaints:

(i) The Security Council no longer represents contemporary political realities.

(ii) Its decision reflects only western values and interest and are dominated by a few power.

(iii) It lacks equitable representation.

In view of these growing demands for the restructuring of the UN, on 1st January 1997 the UN Secretary General Kofi Annan initiated an enquiry into how the UN should be reformed. For instance. How should new Security Council members be chosen?

Since then, the following are just some of the criteria which has been proposed for new permanent and non ? permanent members of the Security Council. A new member, it has been suggested, should be:

(a) A major economic Power,

(b) A major Military power,

(c) A substantial contributor to the UN budget,

(d) A big nation in terms of the population.

(e) A nation that respects democracy and human rights,

(f) A country that would make the council more representative of the world?s diversity in terms of geography, economic system and culture.

Or

Four new sources of threats to security can be identified as follows:

(i) Terrorism is a war against democracy and a crime against humanity It refers to political violence that target civilians deliberately and discriminately to use it as a weapon against national government. It has become a global phenomena because even superpower is not free from terrorist attacks

(ii) Human rights are those basic conditions which an individual is supposed to enjoy as a human being. These rights includes political rights, freedom of speech and expression, economic rights, social and civil rights and right of indigenous people to lead as honourable and dignified life.,

(iii) Global poverty refers to low economic growth, low - national income and low standard of living of developing or least developed countries.

(iv) Health epidemic is very serious threat to a country?s security because severe acute respiratory syndrome (SAR.S), HIV-AIDS, bird flu, etc., diseases spread across countries through migration, business, tourism and military operations.