question_answer

(a) Describe the factors that led to the Great Depression of 1929.

Or

(b) How did cotton factories become an intimate part of the SOCIAL SCIENCE landscape in the early nineteenth century? Explain.

Or

(c) Explain the changes in the work available to women in London during 19th and 20th century.

Answer:

(a) Factors that led to the Great Depression of 1929.

(i) Over production in crops remained a problem and it was made worse by fall in the prices of the crops.

(ii) As prices slumped and agricultural income declined, farmers tried to expand production and bring a larger volume of production to the market but it pushed down the prices.

(iii) In the mid of 1920?s many countries financed their investments through loans from the US. It was extremely easy to raise loans in the US when the going was good.

(iv) In the first half of 1928 countries that depended crucially on US for loans faced an acute crisis.

(v) The withdrawal of US loans affected the rest of the world in different ways in Europe, it led to the failure of small major banks and the collapse of currencies.

(vi) In Latin America, it identified the slump in agricultural and raw material prices.

(vii) The US?s attempt to protect its economy during the depression by doubling import duties also dealt another severe blow to the world trade.

Or

(b) Cotton factories become an intimate part of the SOCIAL SCIENCE landscape in the early nineteenth century. We can explain it as follows:

(i) Series of inventions in the 18th century increased the efficiency of carding, twisting, spinning, etc.

(ii) Creation of cotton mill by Richard Arkwright

(iii) Centralised and integrated process.

(iv) Proper supervision and control.

(v) New mills and new technologies.

Or

(c) During 19th and 20th century there were changes in the work available to women in London.

(i) In 19th century in England, factories employed a large number of women.

(ii) Many of them lost their jobs due to the introduction of new machines.

(iii) Conservatives rallied against women and forced them to go back to their homes.

(iv) Women took up different jobs as such domestic servant, took tailoring and laundry.

(v) During the world war, women were employed in factories and offices because of the lack of male population, who were engaged in the war or other activities in the different nations.