A) random mating
B) gene frequency
C) large population
D) genetic drift
Correct Answer: D
Solution :
The theory of genetic drift was developed by the geneticist Sewall Wright in 1930. It is also called Sewall Wright effect or scattering of variability. It refers to the random fluctuations in the gene frequencies in a small population generation after generation purely by chance. According to Hardy-Weinberg principle, in infinitely large, randomly mating panmictie population, gene frequency either remains constant (when no mutation and no selection). But in small populations, the gene frequencies exhibit great non-directional fluctuation generation after generation purely by chance. In one generation, the gene frequency of a particular gene may increase far beyond the normal range and may decrease extremely in the next generation. Some genes may be lost or reduced in frequency by mere chance, others may increase. These deviations are non-directional and non-adaptive, ie, the genetic architecture of a small population changes irrespective of selective advantages or disadvantages.
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