Answer:
The metabolic
pathway given in the figure is fermentation. The products marked as a, b, c and
d represents
a?Glyceraldehyde 3
phosphate, b?Phosphoenol pyruvic acid
c?Ethanol,
d?Lactic acid
The
fermentation is of two types
(i) Alcohol
Fermentation in Yeast Fermentation is an incomplete oxidation of glucose under
anaerobic condition. Alcohol fermentation in yeast occurs in 2 sets of reaction
thus, converting pyruvic acid into ethanol and
In the first
step, pyruvic acid is decarboxylated (equation I), resulting in the formation
of acetaldehyde and .
?(i)
B. In the
second step acetaldehyde is reduced to alcohol by (equation (ii))
(ii)
(ii)Lactic
Acid Fermentation in Muscles
In animal
tissue like muscles, during exercise, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration
pyruvic acid is reduced to lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase. The reducing agent
is NADH+K1" which is reoxidised to NAD4" in the
subsequent processes.
Two
applications of fermentation process are
(i) It helps
in manufacture of ethyl alcohol.
(ii) It also
helps in curdling of milk to make curd aided by bacteria Lactobacillus.
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