2nd Class Mental Ability Analogy 372 Analogy

OBJECTIVES

·         Students will be able to explore relationships between like and unlike things.

·         They will understand the more obscure things by picturing the more common things.

·         Students will visualize characters and places.

·         They begin to relate analogies with real life.

INTRODUCTION

An analogy is a comparison between things which are basically not alike but which share some kind of striking similarity.

HOW TO READ ANALOOIES

The symbol (: ) means "is to" and the symbol (: :) means "as." Thus, the analogy, "apple: fruit:: carrot: vegetable," should be read "apple is to fruit as carrot is to vegetable." Stated another way, the relationship between apple and fruit is the same as the relationship between carrot and vegetable.

Steps to Solve

Step 1: Look carefully at the first pair of examples.

Step 2: How are these two pairs connected?                  

Step 3: Complete the second pair in the same way as the first pair.

Step 4: Make sure that all the necessary changes are made.

Types of Analogy

(i) Picture-based Analogy

Directions (Examples 1-2): Choose the correct matching pair.

1.           

(a)                                              (b)

(c)                                                 (d)

Ans.     (b)

Explanation:

The first figure is a part of second figure and the second image is the complete figure.

So, the correct answer is (b).

2.           

(a)                                        (b)          

(c)                                            (d)

Ans.     (c)

Explanation:

Pair of figures on the left side of: : are vegetables. Pair of figures on the right side of: : are fruits.

(ii) Number-based Analogy

Direction (Example 3): Choose the correct matching pair.

3.           

(a) 4                                                      (b) 1           

(c) 6                                                      (d) 7

Ans.     (c)

Explanation:

As,        \[2\times 2=4\]455001

Similarly,                                                            

\[3\times 2=6\]

So, the correct answer is (c).

(iii) Alphabet-based Analogy

Direction: Choose the correct matching pair.

4.           

(a) D                             (b) Z             

(c) Y                             (d) U

Ans.     (b)

Explanation:

Letter B of first pair is moved two steps forward i.e., \[B\xrightarrow{+2}D\]

Similarly,

Letter X of second pair is moved two steps forward i.e., \[X\xrightarrow{+2}Z\]

(iv) Word-based Analogy

Direction: Choose the correct matching pair.

5.           

(a) Fly                                       (b) Walk       

(c) Swim                                    (d) Hop

Ans.     (b)

Explanation:

As birds fly to move, similarly, men walk to move.