Answer:
(a) The
French revolutionaries took the following steps to create a sense of collective
identity among the French people They introduced the ideas of la patrie
(the fatherland) and Ie citoyen (the citizen), emphasising the concept
of a united community enjoying equal rights under a Constitution.
(ii) They choose a new French flag, the tri colour, to replace the royal
standard.
(iii) The Estates General was elected by the body of
active citizens and renamed the National Assembly.
(iv) In the name of the nation, new hymns were composed,
oaths taken and martyrs commemorated.
(v) They established a centralised administrative system, which
formulated uniform laws for all citizens.
(vi) They adopted a uniform system of weights and
measures.
(vii) All internal custom duties were abolished.
(viii) They promoted the French language, as spoken and
written in Paris and discouraged regional dialects.
They declared that it was the mission and destiny of the
French nation to liberate people of Europe from despotism. What is meant was
that they would help other people of Europe to become nation states like them.
(b) From the struggle of French Revolutionaries,
I have learnt the values of patriotism, nationalism,
equality, fraternity and national integration.
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