12th Class Chemistry The p-Block Elements-I / p-ब्लॉक के कुछ तत्व-I Question Bank

done Case Based - The p-Block Elements Total Questions - 25

• question_answer1)

  Directions: (Q. 1 to 5)

  Case I: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 5.

  The halogen elements show great resemblances to one another in their chemical behavior and properties of their compounds with other elements. There is, however, a progressive change in properties from F through Cl, Br, and I to At. F is most reactive among the halogens and infact, from all other elements and it has certain other properties that set it apart from tile other halogens.

  In the following questions (Q. No. 1-5), a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.

  Assertion: \[{{F}_{2}}\] has high reactivity.

  Reason: \[{{F}_{2}}\]has low bond dissociation enthalpy.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer2)

  Assertion: The bond between F - F is weaker than between Cl - Cl.

  Reason: Atomic size of F is smaller than that of Cl.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer3)

  Assertion: Fluoride does not show oxidation number greater than zero.

  Reason: The halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine can show positive oxidation state of +1, +3 and +7.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer4)

  Assertion: F atom has less negative electron affinity than Cl atom.

  Reason: Additional electrons are repelled more effectively by 3p- electrons in Cl than by 2p- electrons in F atom.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer5)

  Assertion: Fluorine is strongest oxidizing agent in halogens.

  Reason: It displaces other halogens from its aqueous solution.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer6)

  Directions: (Q. 6 to 10)

  Case II: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 6 to 10.

  Under the normal conditions, noble gases are monoatomic and have closed shell electronic configuration. Lighter noble gases have low boiling points due to weak dispersion forces between the atoms and the absence of other interatomic interactions. Xenon, one of the important noble gas, forms a series of compounds with fluorine with oxidation number +2, +4 and +6. All xenon fluorides are strong oxidizing agents. \[Xe{{F}_{4}}\] reacts violently with water to give \[Xe{{O}_{3}}\]. The geometry of xenon compounds can be deduced by considering the total number of electron pairs in their valence shell.

  Among noble gases (from He to Xe) only xenon reacts with fluorine to form stable xenon fluorides because xenon
  A)
  has the largest size done clear
  B)
  has the lowest ionisation enthalpy done clear
  C)
  has the highest heat of vapourisation done clear
  D)
  is the most readily available noble gas. done clear
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• question_answer7)
  The structure of \[Xe{{O}_{3}}\] is
  A)
  square planar done clear
  B)
  pyramidal done clear
  C)
  linear done clear
  D)
  T-shaped. done clear
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• question_answer8)
  \[Xe{{F}_{6}}\]is expected to be
  A)
  oxidising agent done clear
  B)
  reducing agent done clear
  C)
  unreactive done clear
  D)
  strongly basic. done clear
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• question_answer9)
  In the preparation of compound of xenon, Bartlett had taken \[O_{2}^{+}PtF_{6}^{-}\] as a base compound. This is because
  A)
  both \[{{O}_{2}}\] and Xe have same size done clear
  B)
  both Xe and \[{{O}_{2}}\] have same electron gain enthalpy done clear
  C)
  both have almost same ionisation enthalpy done clear
  D)
  both Xe and \[{{O}_{2}}\] are gases. done clear
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• question_answer10)
  The oxidation state of xenon in \[Xe{{O}_{3}}\] is
  A)
  +4 done clear
  B)
  +2 done clear
  C)
  +8 done clear
  D)
  +6 done clear
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• question_answer11)

  Directions: (Q. 11 to 15)

  Case III: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 11 to 15.

  All the elements of group 16 have \[n{{s}^{2}}n{{p}^{4}}\] configuration in their outermost shell. Therefore, the atoms of these elements try to gain or share two electrons to achieve noble gas configuration. Sulphur and other elements of group 16 are less electronegative than oxygen, so, they cannot accept electrons easily. By sharing of two electrons with other elements, these elements acquire \[n{{s}^{2}}n{{p}^{6}}\] configuration and exhibit +2 oxidation state. Except oxygen, group 16 elements have vacant d-orbitals in their valence shell to which electrons can be promoted from p- and s-orbitals of the same shell. As a result, they can show +4 and +6 oxidation states also.

  Oxygen shows +2 oxidation state in
  A)
  \[O{{F}_{2}}\] done clear
  B)
  \[{{H}_{2}}O\] done clear
  C)
  \[C{{l}_{2}}O\] done clear
  D)
  \[{{H}_{2}}{{O}_{2}}\] done clear
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• question_answer12)
  Like sulphur, oxygen is not able to show +4 and +6 oxidation states because
  A)
  oxygen is a gas while sulphur is a solid done clear
  B)
  sulphur has high ionisation enthalpy as compared to oxygen done clear
  C)
  oxygen has no d-orbitals in its valence shell done clear
  D)
  oxygen has high electron affinity as compared to sulphur. done clear
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• question_answer13)
  Compounds of sulphur with +4 oxidation state acts as a/an
  A)
  oxidising agent done clear
  B)
  reducing agent done clear
  C)
  both oxidising as well as reducing agent done clear
  D)
  cannot be predicted. done clear
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• question_answer14)
  Oxidation state of sulphur in \[N{{a}_{2}}{{S}_{4}}{{O}_{6}}\] is
  A)
  7/2 done clear
  B)
  5/2 done clear
  C)
  1/2 done clear
  D)
  3/2 done clear
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• question_answer15)
  The oxidation states of sulphur in \[{{S}_{8}}\], \[S{{O}_{3}}\] and \[{{H}_{2}}S\] are respectively
  A)
  0, +6 and - 2 done clear
  B)
  +6, 0 and - 2 done clear
  C)
  - 2, 0 and +6 done clear
  D)
  +2, +6 and - 2 done clear
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• question_answer16)

  Directions: (Q. 16 to 20)

  Case IV: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 16 to 20.

  Nitric acid reacts with most of the metals (except noble metals like gold and platinum) and non- metals. Towards its reaction with metals, \[HN{{O}_{3}}\]acts as an acid as well as an oxidising agent. Like other acids, \[HN{{O}_{3}}\] liberate nascent hydrogen from metals which further reduces the nitric acid into number of products like NO, \[N{{O}_{2}}\], \[{{N}_{2}}O\] or \[N{{H}_{3}}\]. The different stages of reduction of nitric acid are :

  \[\overset{+5}{\mathop{HN{{O}_{3}}}}\,\xrightarrow{+{{e}^{-}}}\overset{+4}{\mathop{N{{O}_{2}}}}\,\xrightarrow{+2{{e}^{-}}}\overset{+2}{\mathop{NO}}\,\xrightarrow[NaOH]{+{{e}^{-}}}{{\overset{+1}{\mathop{N}}\,}_{2}}O\xrightarrow{+4{{e}^{-}}}\overset{-3}{\mathop{N{{H}_{3}}}}\,\] The product of the reduction of \[HN{{O}_{3}}\] depends upon the nature of the metal, concentration of nitric acid and temperature.

  Which of the following reactions is used to prepare laughing gas?
  A)
  \[Pb+dil.\,HN{{O}_{3}}\to \] done clear
  B)
  \[Hg+dil.\,HN{{O}_{3}}\to \] done clear
  C)
  \[Zn+dil.\,HN{{O}_{3}}\to \] done clear
  D)
  \[Cu+dil.\,HN{{O}_{3}}\to \] done clear
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• question_answer17)
  Gold and platinum does not dissolve in \[HN{{O}_{3}}\]but soluble in 1: 3 mixture of \[HN{{O}_{3}}\] and HCl due to the formation of respectively
  A)
  \[Au{{\left( N{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{2}},\,\left[ Pt{{\left( N{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{2}} \right]\] done clear
  B)
  \[H\left[ AuC{{l}_{4}} \right],\,{{H}_{2}}\left[ PtC{{l}_{6}} \right]\] done clear
  C)
  \[{{\left[ AuC{{l}_{6}} \right]}^{2-}},\,{{\left[ PtC{{l}_{2}} \right]}^{2-}}\] done clear
  D)
  \[{{\left[ Au{{\left( N{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{4}} \right]}^{+}},\,{{\left[ Pt{{\left( N{{O}_{3}} \right)}_{6}} \right]}^{2-}}\] done clear
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• question_answer18)
  Identify B in the following reaction. \[Cu+HN{{O}_{3(conc.)}}\to \underset{Deep\,blue\,colour}{\mathop{(A)}}\,+\underset{Gas}{\mathop{\,(B)}}\,\,+{{H}_{2}}O\]
  A)
  \[N{{O}_{2}}\] done clear
  B)
  \[{{N}_{2}}\] done clear
  C)
  NO done clear
  D)
  \[{{N}_{2}}O\] done clear
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• question_answer19)
  In which of the following reactions \[HN{{O}_{3}}\]will not act as an oxidising agent?
  A)
  \[HN{{O}_{3}}+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\to \] done clear
  B)
  \[HN{{O}_{3}}+FeS{{O}_{4}}+{{H}_{2}}S{{O}_{4}}\to \] done clear
  C)
  \[KI+HN{{O}_{3}}\to \] done clear
  D)
  none of the above done clear
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• question_answer20)
  When dil. \[HN{{O}_{3}}\] reacts with Hg, which gas will liberate?
  A)
  \[{{N}_{2}}\] done clear
  B)
  \[{{O}_{2}}\] done clear
  C)
  NO done clear
  D)
  \[N{{O}_{2}}\] done clear
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• question_answer21)

  Directions: (Q. 21 to 25)

  Case V: Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 21 to 25.

  All the elements of group 16 form hydrides : \[{{H}_{2}}O\], \[{{H}_{2}}S\], \[{{H}_{2}}Se\], \[{{H}_{2}}Te\] and \[{{H}_{2}}Po\]. All these hydrides have angular structure which involves \[s{{p}^{3}}\]hybridisation of the central atom. All hydrides are volatile. The volatility increases from\[{{H}_{2}}O\] to \[{{H}_{2}}S\] and then decreases. All hydrides are weakly acidic in character. The increase in acidic character from \[{{H}_{2}}O\] to \[{{H}_{2}}Te\] is a result of the decrease in the H-E (where E = O, S, Se, Te, Po) bond dissociation enthalpy from \[{{H}_{2}}O\] to \[{{H}_{2}}Te\]. All the hydrides except water are reducing agents. The reducing property of these hydrides increases from \[{{H}_{2}}S\]to \[{{H}_{2}}Te\].

  In the following questions (Q. No. 21-25), a statement of assertion followed by a statement of reason is given. Choose the correct answer out of the following choices on the basis of the above passage.

  Assertion: Water has high boiling point.

  Reason: Water molecules are associated with hydrogen bonding.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer22)

  Assertion: \[{{H}_{2}}Te\] has less acidic character than \[{{H}_{2}}S\].

  Reason: Bond dissociation enthalpy of H—Te is less than H—S.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer23)

  Assertion: Reducing nature of hydrides of group-16 elements increases as the atomic number of central atom increases.

  Reason: Due to strong force of attraction of H-E bond.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer24)

  Assertion: \[{{H}_{2}}O\] is the only hydrides of the chalcogens which is liquid.

  Reason: In ice each O-atom is surrounded by 4H-atoms.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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• question_answer25)

  Assertion: The thermal stability of the hydrides decreases as : \[{{H}_{2}}O>{{H}_{2}}S>{{H}_{2}}Se>{{H}_{2}}Te\]

  Reason: Due to increase in the size of central atom on going down the group.

  A)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  B)
  Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion. done clear
  C)
  Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement. done clear
  D)
  Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement. done clear
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