JEE Main & Advanced Mathematics Applications of Derivatives Question Bank Tangent and Normal

  • question_answer
    The area of the triangle formed by the coordinate axes and a tangent to the curve \[xy={{a}^{2}}\]at the point \[({{x}_{1}},{{y}_{1}})\]on it is                      [DCE 2001]

    A)            \[\frac{{{a}^{2}}{{x}_{1}}}{{{y}_{1}}}\]

    B)            \[\frac{{{a}^{2}}{{y}_{1}}}{{{x}_{1}}}\]

    C)            \[2{{a}^{2}}\]

    D)            \[4{{a}^{2}}\]

    Correct Answer: C

    Solution :

                       Since \[y=\frac{{{a}^{2}}}{x},\,\,\,\therefore \frac{dy}{dx}=-\frac{{{a}^{2}}}{{{x}^{2}}}\]                    \[\therefore \] At \[({{x}_{1}},\,{{y}_{1}}),\]\[\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{-{{a}^{2}}}{x_{1}^{2}}\]                    Thus tangent to the curve will be \[y-{{y}_{1}}=\frac{-{{a}^{2}}}{x_{1}^{2}}(x-{{x}_{1}})\]                    Þ  \[yx_{1}^{2}-{{y}_{1}}x_{1}^{2}=-{{a}^{2}}x+{{a}^{2}}{{x}_{1}}\]                    Þ  \[y'\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-{{\left( \frac{2x}{1+{{x}^{2}}} \right)}^{2}}}}.\frac{2(1+{{x}^{2}})-4{{x}^{2}}}{{{(1+{{x}^{2}})}^{2}}}\],  \[(\because {{x}_{1}}{{y}_{1}}={{a}^{2}})\]                    This meets the x-axis where \[y=0\]                    \[\therefore {{a}^{2}}x=2{{a}^{2}}{{x}_{1}},\]\[\therefore x=2{{x}_{1}}\]                    \[\therefore \]Point on the x-axis is \[(2{{x}_{1}},0)\]                    Again tangent meets the y-axis where \[x=0\]                    \[\because x_{1}^{2}y=2{{a}^{2}}{{x}_{1}},\,\ \ \ \therefore y=\frac{2{{a}^{2}}}{{{x}_{1}}}\]                    So point on the y-axis is \[\left( 0,\frac{2{{a}^{2}}}{{{x}_{1}}} \right)\]                    Required area \[=\frac{1}{2}(2{{x}_{1}})\left( {{\frac{2a}{{{x}_{1}}}}^{2}} \right)=2{{a}^{2}}\].


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