| Consider the following statements: |
| 1. Gandhiji launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 because of the British measures to impose censorship on the press. |
| 2. Gandhiji launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha because of the British policy of permitted detention without trial: |
| 3. The Rowlatt Act was restricted to Bombay and Madras Presidency. |
| 4. The agitation against the Rowlatt Act reached climax with Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar. |
| Which of the statements given above are correct? |
A) 1, 2 and 3
B) 2 and 3
C) 1, 2 and 4
D) 1 and 4
Correct Answer: B
Solution :
[b] The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, 1919 popularly known as the Rowlatt Act provided for stricter control of the press, arrests without warrant, indefinite detention without trial, and juryless in camera trials for proscribed political acts. The accused were denied the right to know the accusers and the evidence used in the trial. The purpose of the act was to curb the growing nationalist upsurge in the country. The Act annoyed many Indian leaders and the public, which caused the government to implement repressive measures. Gandhi and others found that constitutional opposition to the measure was fruitless, so on April 6, a "hartal" was organised where Indians would suspend all business and fast as a sign of their opposition and civil disobedience would be offered against specific law. This event is known as the Rowlatt Satyagraha. Gandhiji named the Rowlatt Act as "black act". However, the success of the hartal in Delhi, on March 30, was overshadowed by tensions running high, which resulted in rioting in the Punjab and other provinces. Deciding that Indians were not ready to make a stand consistent with the principle of nonviolence, an integral pan of satyagraha, Gandhi suspended the resistance. The Rowlatt Act came into effect in March 1919. In the Punjab the protest movement was very strong, and on April 10 two leaders of the congress, Dr. Satya Pal and Dr. Saifuddin Kitchlew, were arrested and taken to an unknown place. The army was called into Punjab, and on April 13 people from neighbouring villages gathered for Baisakhi Day celebrations in Amritsar, which led to the in famous Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919.
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