| Differentiate the sociological and economic perspective of market. |
| Or |
| How did the advent of colonialism in India produce a major upheaval in the economy? |
| What is the role and significance of civil society in today's world? |
| Or |
| Encouraging cultural diversity is good policy from both the practical and the principled point of view. Justify the statement using Indians case as a nation-state. |
| Explain the structural tensions faced by men and women in matriarchal societies. |
| Or |
| What are the factors behind the assertion of tribal identities today? |
| Read the passage given below and answer following questions: |
| Data from the National Sample Survey studies of 1999-2000 and from the 2001 Census of India reveal a sharp fall in the rate of employment generation (creation of new jobs) across both rural and urban areas. This is true for the young as well. The rate of growth of employment in the 15-30 age group, which stood at around 2.4 per cent a year between 1987 and 1994 for both rural and urban men, fell to 0.7 for rural men and 0.3 per cent for urban men during 1994 to 2004. This suggests that the advantage offered by a young labour force is not being exploited. |
| Strategies exist to exploit the demographic window of opportunity that India has today. But Indians recent experience suggests that market forces by themselves do not ensure that such strategies would be implemented. Unless a way forward is found, we may miss out on the potential benefit that the country?s changing age structure temporarily offers. |
| (a) What is demographic dividend? |
| (b) Do you think that India is indeed facing a window of opportunity created by demographic dividend? |
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