Benzophenone, \[{{\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{6}}}{{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{5}}}\mathbf{CO}{{\mathbf{C}}_{\mathbf{6}}}{{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{5}}}\]
Category : JEE Main & Advanced
(1) Method of preparation
(i) From alkyl benzenes
\[{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}-C{{H}_{2}}-{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}+2O\xrightarrow{HN{{O}_{3}}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CO{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}\]
(2) Physical properties : It is a colourless, pleasant smelling solid.
(3) Chemical properties : It shows the characteristic properties of keto group but does not give bisulphite compounds.
(i) Reduction :
\[{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CO{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}+2H\xrightarrow{Na-Hg}\underset{\text{Diphenyl carbinol}}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}.CHOH{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}}}\,\]
(ii) Clemmenson reduction :
\[{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CO{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}\underset{HCl}{\mathop{\xrightarrow{Zn/Hg}}}\,\underset{\text{Diphenyl methane}}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}C{{H}_{2}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}}}\,+{{H}_{2}}O\]
(iii) Fusion with KOH :
\[{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CO{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}+KOH\xrightarrow{\text{Fuse}}{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}COOK+{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{6}}\]
\[{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}CO{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}+{{H}_{2}}O\underset{\text{Ether}}{\mathop{\xrightarrow{\text{Pot}\text{. tert}\text{. Butoxide}}}}\,\underset{\text{Benzoic acid}}{\mathop{{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}COOH}}\,+{{C}_{6}}{{H}_{6}}\]
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