| (i) Blastocyst |
| (ii) Morula |
| (iii) Zygote after 30 hours of fertilisation |
| (iv) Ovum |
| (i) What is age pyramid? |
| (ii) The growth status of a population is reflected by which attribute of pyramids? |
| (iii) Name the different types of age pyramid. |
| Give any four reasons which cause infertility in males. |
| Or |
| It is often seen that pollen grains are produced in an enormous quantity in maize. Justify. |
| (i) Discuss the major causes and effects of noise pollution. |
| (ii) Which values have been shown by Akshay and his friends? |
| (i) Explain why a recessive allele is unable to express itself in heterozygous state. |
| (ii) In human being, the sex of the child is determined by the father and not by the mother. Explain. |
| (i) As a student of agriculture, what reasons could be suggested by Khushi? |
| (ii) What measures should be considered while preparing stem cuttings for propagation? |
| (iii) Name two other plants which are also propagated by stem cutting. |
| (i) Restriction endonuclease |
| (ii) Gel-electrophoresis |
| (iii) Selectable markers in pBR322. |
| Elaborate the role of animal husbandry in human welfare |
| Or |
| (i) Why do sports person often fall victim to cocaine addiction? |
| (ii) What are opioids? How does their intake affect the human body? |
| (i) Ramapithecus |
| (ii) Dryopithecus |
| (iii) Neanderthal man |
| (i) Being a protestor, enlist the arguments given against these crops. |
| (ii) What is meant by Bt in the above mentioned crops and what is its significance? |
| (iii) What values are shown by the protestors? |
| (i) Importance of light for plants to survive. |
| (ii) Adaptation of seal in polar regions. |
| (iii) Behavioural adaptations in desert lizards. |
| (i) Mention the two corollaries that have to be understood about memory based acquired immunity. |
| (ii) Why is the phenomenon of metastasis considered fatal? |
| (i) Both grasshopper and cockroach show the phenomenon of male heterogamety. Explain. |
| (ii) Define female heterogamety with the help of examples. |
| (i) What type of biodiversity conservation is observed in this case? |
| (ii) Explain any other two ways which help in this type of conservation? |
| (i) How does a breeder ensure the process of cross - pollination in an economically important bisexual flower? |
| (ii) Emasculation is done in only bisexual flowers. Justify. |
| Or |
| (i) IARI has released several varieties of crop plants that are biofortified. Give four examples of such crops and their biofortifications. |
| (ii) 'Why is the selection process after hybridisation very crucial in breeding programmes? |
| (i) What are linked genes? |
| (ii) TH Morgan selected fruitfly (Drosophila melanogaster) for his experiment inspite of its small size. Give reasons. |
| (iii) How are linkage and crossing over opposite to each other? |
| Or |
| A particular garden pea plant produces only violet flowers. |
| (i) Is it homozygous dominant for the trait or heterozygous? |
| (ii) How would you determine its genotype? Explain with the help of crosses. |
| (iii) In a test cross, when double heterozygous is crossed with double recessive, what ratio is obtained in \[{{F}_{1}}\]-generation? |
| (i) Write the characteristic features of anthers, pollen and stigma of a wind pollinated flowers. |
| (ii) What is heterostyly and dioecy? Why some cross - pollinated plants develop such adaptations? |
| Or |
| (i) Give a schematic representation of oogenesis in humans. Mention the number of chromosomes at each stage. Correlate the life phases of the individual with the stages of the process. |
| (ii) A women passes out hCG in the urine during pregnancy, why? |
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