Current Affairs International

  External Affairs Minister Dr S Jaishankar will inaugurate Indian Pavilion at 70th Berlin International Film Festival in Germany. It aims to establish multiple international collaborations in the space of distribution, production, filming in India and development technology through its participation at Berlinale-2020. India Pavilion will provide a platform to popularize Indian cinema in the overseas market and facilitate new business opportunities. This year for the festival, three Indian feature films, as well as one short documentary film, have been selected. These are Pushpendra Singh’s Laipla Aur Satt Geet, Prateek Vats’ Eeb Allay Ooo!, Akshay Indikar’s – Sthalpuran and Ekta Mittal’s short documentary – Gumnaam Din. Information and Broadcasting Ministry in collaboration with Confederation of Indian Industry, CII is participating in the event.

 On February 17, 2020, the Minister of Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari represented India at the 3rd global Conference on Road Safety. The Conference aimed at achieving Global Goals 2030. It was held in Stockholm, Sweden.
  • Highlights
The conference was held in collaboration with WHO and World Bank. The conference aims at renewing the commitment of the world community towards road safety. The participated leaders will prepare ways to achieve UN Decade of Action of reducing road crashes by 2030.
  • The Decade of Action
The United Nations Decade of Action for Road Safety was proclaimed in March 2010 for the decade 2011-20.
The plan included 4 pillars as follows
  • To strengthen institutional Capacity
  • To improve road safety for pedestrians, motorcyclists and bicyclists.
  • To widely use crash avoidance technologies such as anti-lock braking system and electronic stability control.
  • To encourage and develop adoption of road safety such as seat-belt wearing, helmet wearing, speeding, drinking and driving, etc.
  • Need
According to the United Nations, more than 1.3 million people die every year due to road traffic crashes and more than 20 to 50 million get injured.

  Indian-origin Alok Sharma was named the new UK Minister in charge of the crunch UN climate talks to be hosted by Britain. He has been promoted to the post of Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy in UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s Cabinet reshuffle. He will take charge of the crucial summit ‘COP26′ as its former president was removed amid controversy.

 The UK-based OneWeb company has sent 34 satellites into orbit on a single Soyuz rocket, from Baikonur port, Kazakhstan. The aims are to have the full network in operation by the end of 2021. This is the 50th Soyuz mission conducted by Arianespace, as the company plans to perform 19 more medium-lift Soyuz from three spaceports by 2021. Its mission was to drop its satellite batch into one of 12 planes planned for the constellation.

  On February 12, 2020, Government of India issued draft rules to set up International Arbitration Centre. In order achieve institutionalized arbitration, GoI has enacted the New Delhi International Arbitration act, 2019.
  • Highlights
The draft rules for the arbitration centre prescribe allowances, pay of the full-time members and the chairperson. The rules have also set minimum educational qualification and method of selection of employees and officers of the centre.
  • Background
The Arbitration and Conciliation act, 1996 was amended to make the arbitration process simpler. The New Delhi International Arbitration Centre Act, 2019 was enacted to make Delhi an international arbitration centre.
  • What is International Arbitration Centre?
The International Arbitration Centre is a dispute settling body that settles arbitration between individuals and companies.  
The world famous arbitration centres include
  • International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes funded by World Bank
  • International Court of Arbitration, Paris
United Nations Commission on International Trade Law provides set of rules for international commercial arbitration along with other investment related rules.

  The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially named the disease caused by the new coronavirus as “Covid-2019“. The new name “Covid-2019” has been taken from the words “corona”, “virus” and “disease”, with 2019 representing the year in which it emerged. The word coronavirus refers to the group of viruses it belongs to. The naming of the disease was done as the researchers were calling for an official name of the disease to avoid confusion and stigmatisation of any group or country. The virus was also designated as SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.

 The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) of the United Nations works to address hunger and poverty in developing countries. The 43rd session of the governing council of IFAD was held at Rome between February 11, 2020 and February 12, 2020. It was announced at the council meet that with the current progress rate, it is not possible to achieve United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2030.
  • Highlights
The Council met at the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) of United Nations in Rome. The UN believes that the SDG Goal can be achieved only after a decade, that is by 2040. This is mainly because of lack of funds. In 2015 the world leaders under the SDG aimed to eliminated hunger by 2030. Also, they estimated that it can be achieved at a cost of 115 billion USD. However, today, they are in need of more investment to achieve the target.
  • IFAD
IFAD is an agency of United Nations that addresses hunger and poverty in rural areas all over the world. It was established at the World Food Conference in 1974.

  The scientists in UK have tested a new Corona Virus vaccine. The Shanghai University of China has also extracted a vaccine to treat the virus and has injected in to a mice recently. The World Health Organization has also announced that the vaccine will be ready in 18 months. WHO recently named the virus as COVID-19.
  • Highlights
On February 10, 2020, WHO announced that the death toll of the corona virus has reached 1,000 and 99% of the deaths were from China. There are more than 43,000 cases in China currently.
  • About Corona Virus
The Corona Viruses are divided into 4 genera namely alpha, beta, gamma and delta. They are zoonotic. This means they can spread between animals and humans. Out of these, gamma and delta corona viruses generally infect birds. Alpha and Beta viruses reside in mammals. Viruses are capable of infecting all forms of life. It includes plants, other micro organisms including bacteria, single celled organisms called archaea. The first virus was identified by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892. He described it as a non-bacterial pathogen.

 The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved the funding of USD 2 million to combat the spread of novel coronavirus (nCoV). The funds will support the efforts to stop the outspread of novel coronavirus (nCoV) by supplementing ongoing regional technical assistance and strengthening response capacity in China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Myanmar. The funds will also help in boosting the supply of diagnostic and laboratory equipment for rapid testing to help in fight against the outbreak. The assistance will fund the development of recommendations for improved outbreak investigation and surveillance, including in rural areas, and the strengthening of health systems’ resilience and capacity for epidemic response. ADB in collaboration with World Health Organisation and other regional experts will also recognize the areas for coordinated responses as well as possible further financial assistance to improve the situation caused by nCoV.

  Romania’s pro-European government collapsed in a parliamentary no-confidence vote after only 3 months in office. A total of 261 of 465 MPs voted in favour of a motion against the minority government led by Ludovic Orban. The move was triggered by Orban’s attempt to change the law for local elections. Orban had wanted to reintroduce a two-round voting system but the change will no longer be implemented.


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