Category : JEE Main & Advanced
This law gives the direction of induced emf/induced current. According to this law, the direction of induced emf or current in a circuit is such as to oppose the cause that produces it. This law is based upon law of conservation of energy.
(1) When N-pole of a bar magnet moves towards the coil, the flux associated with loop increases and an emf is induced in it. Since the circuit of loop is closed, induced current also flows in it.
(2) Cause of this induced current, is approach of north pole and therefore to oppose the cause, i.e., to repel the approaching north pole, the induced current in loop is in such a direction so that the front face of loop behaves as north pole. Therefore induced current as seen by observer O is in anticlockwise direction. (figure)
The various positions of relative motion between the magnet and the coil
Position of magnet | ||||
Direction of induced current | Anticlockwise direction | Clockwise direction | Clockwise direction | Anticlockwise direction |
Behaviour of face of the coil | As a north pole | As a south pole | As a south pole | As a north pole |
Type of magnetic force opposed | Repulsive force | Attractive force | Repulsive force | Attractive force |
Magnetic field linked with the coil and it?s progress as viewed from left | Cross (×), Increases | Cross (×), Decreases | Dots (×) Increases | Dots (×) Decreases |
(3) If the loop is free to move the cause of induced emf in the coil can also be termed as relative motion. Therefore to oppose the cause, the relative motion between the approaching magnet and the loop should be opposed. For this, the loop will itself start moving in the direction of motion of the magnet.
(4) It is important to remember that whenever cause of induced emf is relative motion, the new motion is always in the direction of motion of the cause.
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