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Current Affairs 6th Class

Components of Food

Category : 6th Class

Components of Food

 

Synopsis

 

 

 

  • The edible substances which we eat to obtain energy, materials required for growth, maintenance, development and to repair worn out tissue in our body is called food.

The sources of different components of food are listed below

 

  • Food on the basis of their role in the body, are classified into three major groups.

 

Energy giving foods

Body building foods

Protective foods

Cereals, sugar, potato. honey, oils and fats 

Milk, pulses, cheese, eggs, fish, meat        

Fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs

 

  • A diet that contains adequate amount of different components of food required for the healthy functioning of our body is called a balanced diet.

 

  • Marasmus is a disease in children caused by the deficiency of proteins, carbohydrates and fats.

 

  • Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by protein deficiency in children. The stomach becomes swollen, the legs become thin and the skin show ugly patches.

 

  • Vitamin Deficiency Diseases

 

 

Vitamins

Deficiency Diseases

Vitamin A    

Night blindness (Poor night vision)

Vitamin \[{{B}_{1}}\]

Beri-beri

Vitamin \[{{B}_{2}}\]

Skin diseases

Vitamin \[{{B}_{3}}\]

Pellagra (Affects the skin, digestive and nervous system)

Vitamin \[{{B}_{12}}\]

Anaemia (Deficiency of RBC's)

Vitamin C

Scurvy (Bleeding of gums, swelling of joints)

Vitamin D

Rickets (Weak bones)

Vitamin K

Haemorrhage (Clotting of blood affected)

 

  • Mineral Deficiency Diseases

 

Minerals 

Deficiency diseases

Calcium       

Brittle bones and stunted growth

Phosphorus

Weak or fragile bones and teeth, body weakness

Sodium       

Dehydration, extreme body weakness

Potassium

Muscle weakness, paralysis

Iron   

Anaemia (Weakness)

Iodine    

Goitre (glands in the neck appear swollen) abnormal metabolism

Fluorine 

Dental decay

 

      

 

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