Current Affairs 2nd Class

      Introduction   Pronoun is a word that takes the place of noun. For example: I, we, he, she it, they, etc.                                          He is a boy. 'He' is pronoun. We are girls. 'We' is a pronoun.           The following is the list of pronouns:   I                               My                         Me         We                         Our                         Us You                        Your                       Yours They                      Their                      Them He                          His                          Him She                        Her                         Her           The following are also pronouns:   This                                                      That These                                                   Those It                                                            Itself Himself                                                 Herself Themselves                                         Ourselves   Pronouns are used very commonly in English. The sentence is not good if noun is used again and again. For example: Steve plays in the garden. Steve plays with his friends. Steve comes back at 7 PM.             Use pronoun in the place of noun. For example: Steve plays in the garden. He plays with his friends. He comes back at7PM.  

      Gender         There are two types of genders. They are the following:

•  Masculine or Male
•  Feminine or Female  

                           Boy is male                                      Girl is female                             King is male                                   Queen is a female           Some common examples of masculine and feminine gender:   Masculine or Male                             Feminine or Female Boy                                                        Girl Father                                                   Mother Husband                                              Wife Sir                                                          Madam King                                                      Queen Lion                                                       Lioness Tiger                                                     Tigress He                                                         She Dog                                                       Bitch Cock                                                     Hen Actor                                                    Actress Prince                                                   Princess Hero                                                     Heroine Waiter                                                  Waitress Widower                                              Widow         From question 1 to 2 change the gender.       Prince (A) Princes                                                          (B) Princess (C) Princesses                                                    (D) None of these   Answer : (b) Explanation : Female of more...

      Rules   How to Change Singular to Plural:           Rule - 1 Make plural by using "s"   Singular                               Plural Book                                     Books Pen                                       Pens Table                                    Tables Toy                                       Toys         Singular                               Plural Boat                                      Boats Hat                                        Hats House                                   Houses River                                      Rivers           Rule - 2 Make plural by using "es" (if S, O, X and SS come in the end of a word then use "es" to make plural)     Singular                                                               Plural                                                            Gas                                                               Gases                                                      Watch                                                           Watches                                        Box                                                                Boxes                                                                    Glass                                                                Glasses       more...

      Number   There are two types of number. They are the following: (i)  Singular Number (ii)  Plural Number           Singular Number   A noun that denotes one person, place, animal or thing is called a singular noun. For example: doctor, fan, glass, box, bottle.

•  Chair is singular because it is only one.  

          

•  Book is singular because it is only one.  

          

•  Girl is singular because it is only one.

          

•  Mobile is singular because it is only one.

                      Plural Number   A noun that denotes more than one person, place, animal or thing is called plural noun. For example:

•  Balls, pens, books, toffees, keys.
•  However, some nouns exist only in plurals
•  jeans, scissors, tongs, etc.

                     

•  Chairs are plural because they are more than one. Books are plural because they are more than one.

                         

•  Girls are plural because they are more than one. Mobiles are plural because they are more than one.                                  

      Kinds of Noun   There are five kinds of noun. They are the following:

•   Proper Noun
•   Common Noun
•   Collective Noun
•   Material Noun
•   Abstract Noun  

          Proper Noun   The name of a particular person, place, mountain or river is called proper noun. All the proper nouns begin with a capital letter. For example:                                                     Himalaya                                                                    James           Look at the following questions and select proper noun:         Krishna was a divine child. (A) Krishna                                          (B) Was (C) Divine    (D) Child   Answer: (A)         France is famous for perfumes. (A) France       (B) Famous (C) For   (D) Perfumes   Answer: (A)         India has won the match. (A) India    (B) Has (C) Won     (D) None of these   Answer: (A)         My name is Joe. (A) My                                                                  (B) Name (C) Is      (D) Joe   Answer: (D)           James recognizes me. (A) Recognizes    (B) James (C) Me (D) None of these   Answer: (B)             Common Noun It is a word which is common for a group. For example: 

•  City: Whether it is Delhi or Mumbai, you call them city.
•  Teacher: Whether male or female they are called teacher.
•  Mother: It is not the name of a particular mother. It is common.
•  Boy: You can call boy to anyone who is a boy.  

        Look at the following questions and select common noun.       I like red roses. (A) I   (B) Like (C) Red    (D) Roses   Answer: (D)         She is a teacher (A) She (B) Is (C) Teacher  (D) None of these   Answer: (C)         Tim is Paul's best friend. (A) Tim         (B) Paul's (C) Friend             (D) None of these   Answer: (C)         She has bought a computer. (A) She                                                                 (B) Computer (C) Has                                                                  (D) None of these   Answer: (B)         He reads in a school. (A) School                                                           (B) Reads (C) He                                                                   (D) None of these   Answer: (A)             Collective Noun   A group of animals, birds, objects or people taken together or in a group is called collective more...

      Introduction   Noun is a naming word. It is a name of a person, place or a thing.           Name                                   Place                                                  Thing                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Thus all the person, place and things are noun.           Fill in the blanks with a person/place/animal/thing.       Tom's father is an______________. He goes to court every day. (A) Advocate (B) Engineer (C) Doctor  (D) Teacher   Answer: (A)           ___________ is known as the king of jungle. (A) Elephant                                      (B) Rabbit (C) Lion                                                                 (D) Bear   Solution: (C)         James opened his___________ to protect himself from rain. (A) Notebook                                                   (B) Umbrella (C) Bag                                                                  (D) Lunch-box   Answer: (B)         I use_________ for writing. (A) Brush                                                             (B) Wood (C) Pencil                                                             (D) lunch-box   Answer: (C)         He live in ___. (A) Book                                                              (B) Roof (C) Bag                                                                  (D) New York   Answer: (D)

      Introduction   In jumbled sentences words are not in order. You have to arrange the words in proper order to make a meaningful sentence.                             To make a meaningful sentence from the jumbled words is an interesting task but you should know about the components (subject and predicate) of a sentence. For example: The moon                           shines. Subject                                Predicate           Let us take an example:       Arrange P, Q, R and S in order to make a meaningful sentence: P: from a cottage Q: a little girl R: stood S: before me   Answer:  Q : a little girl is Subject Explanation : P: from a cottage + R: stood + S: before me are Predicate So, the correct answer is QPRS i.e., A little girl from a cottage stood before me.           Arrange P, Q, R and S in order to make a meaningful sentence:      P: buy Q: shall R: I S: mangoes (A) RSPQ                                                              (B) RQPS (C) SRQP                                                              (D) PQSR   Answer: (B) Explanation : 'I shall buy mangoes' is a meaningful sentence. Therefore, option (B) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         P: our Q: learn R: we S: lesson daily (A) RQPS                                                              (B) SPQR (C) SQPR                                                              (D) PQSR   Answer: (a) Explanation : 'We learn our lesson daily' is a meaningful sentence. Therefore,option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         P: yesterday Q: me R: met S: He (A) RQPS                                                              (B) SPQR (C) SRQP                                                              (D) PQSR   Answer: (c) Explanation : 'He met me yesterday'is a meaningful sentence. Therefore, option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         P: a doctor Q: wanted to R: became S: he (A) SQRP                                                              (B) SPQR (C) SRQP            (D) PQSR   Answer: (a) Explanation : 'He wanted to become a doctor' is a meaningful sentence. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         P: have Q: the match R: they S: won (A) PSQR                                          (B) QSPR (C) RPSQ       (D) QRSP   Answer: (c) Explanation : 'They have won the match' is a meaningful sentence. Therefore,option (C) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         P: it Q: can R: anybody S: buy (A) SPQR  (B) more...

       Introduction   In jumbled words, alphabets are not in order. They are in mixed form. You have to arrange these alphabets to make a meaningful word. If the word is not meaningful then there is the error in the arrangement of alphabets. For example, EASET. EASET is not a word. Now arrange these alphabets to make a meaningful word. The correct arrangement is TEASE. It is a meaningful word.         Look at the following examples:   Jumbled Word                                  Meaningful word 1.  POFLYP                                            1.   FLOPPY 2.  IDBR                                                 2.   BIRD 3.  TACHM                                            3.   MATCH 4.  ECIPUTR                                          4.   PICTURE 5.  SATR                                                 5.   STAR 6.  MERTO                                             6.   METRO 7.  OSRHE                                              7.   HORSE 8.  FGRIAFE                                           8.   GIRAFFE 9.  ITNGNHIGELA                                 9.   NIGHTINGALE 10.  PYUPP                                            10.  PUPPY 11.  CDIROCOLE                                   11.  CROCODILE 12.  AEPR                                               12.  PEAR 13.  ANBANA                                         13.  BANANA 14.  ITNM                                               14.  MINT 15.  ETAGVELEB                                   15.  VEGETABLE 16.  EAROANEPL                                  16.  AEROPLANE   Sometimes a definition with jumbled word is given. It becomes easier to make a meaningful word when definition is given.       A more...

      Introduction   In this chapter, you will identify objects. Here object means things. The things can be vegetable, grains, fruits, furniture and many other items. You use these objects in your daily life.   Look at the following objects:                       Which one of the following is cauliflower?   (A)                                                                     (B)  (C)                                                                           (D)    Answer: (A) Explanation : Picture given in option (A) is of cauliflower. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.         Which one of the following is pumpkin? (A)                                                                          (B)  (C)                                                                       (D)    Answer: (D) Explanation: Picture given in option (D) is of pumpkin. Therefore, option (D) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.    

      Introduction   A monument is a type of structure either clearly created to remember a person or Important event or which has become important to a social group as a part of their Remembrance of past events. They are frequently used to improve the appearance of a city or location.   Look at the following monuments:             Which of the following is/are monument(s)? (A)                    (B)  (C)     (D) All of these         Answer: (D) Explanation: All of the above given picture are monument. Therefore, option (D) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.           Given below is the picture of a monument. In which one of the following countries this monument is situated?   (A) India                                                               (B) Pakistan (C) China                                                              (D) Nepal   Answer: (A) Explanation : This monument is situated in India. Therefore, option (A) is correct and rest of the options is incorrect.