(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) 
As it is clear that except option is (d), all the other options have a gap of 2 letters between 3rd and 4th letter and the 1st three and last two letters are in consecutive order. While in case of option (d), 1st three letters and last two letters are in consecutive order but there is a gap of 3 letters between 3rd and 4th letter. This is the reason why option (d) separates itself out of the remaining options. Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
There are four cardinal directions - North-East (N-E), North-West, (N-W), South-East (S-E) and South-West (S-W) as shown below:
It is clear from the figure that I started my journey moving in the North direction.
Type - II
PASSAGE
Each of the following questions is based on the given information:
Similarly,
Similarly,
Commonly Asked Questions
Similarly,
SCIENTIST is coded in a certain language as ICSTNETSI. AMBULANCE will be coded in the same language as:
(a) MBUALNACA (b) BMAALUECN
(c) MAUBALCNE (d) UBMLAECNA
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation: The word is divided into three equal sections, and the letters in each section are moved backward.
Similarly,
Type - II
In this type of questions, coding of words is done by writing their letters in reverse order.
(a) 5 (b) 6
(c) 8 (d) 9
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation: The sum of numbers on right and centre subtracted from the number on the left gives the number at the bottom, i.e.
\[93-\left( 27+63 \right)=3;\text{ }79-\left( 38+37 \right)=4,\]
Similarly, \[67-\left( 16+42 \right)=9\]
(a) 3 (b) 8
(c) 10 (d) 14
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: Letter R is 18th in order of alphabetical series. So the product of vertically opposite numbers + 18 (R) = the sum of two horizontally opposite number, i.e.,
\[(28\times ~23)+18=173+489\]
\[644+18=662\]
\[662=662\]
Letter C is 3rd in order, so
\[(54~\times 15)+3=342+471\]
\[810+3=813\]
\[813=813\]
Similarly, letter D is 4th in order
\[(1\times ~11)+4=5+?\]
\[11+4=5+?\]
\[15=5+?\] or \[5+?=15\]
So' \[?=15-5=10\]
Commonly Asked Question
(a) 31 (b) 229
(c) 234 (d) 312
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The number at the bottom is the product of two numbers at the top, i.e.,
\[13~\times 17=221\]
\[12\times ~19=228,\]
Similarly, \[13~\times 18=234\]
(a) 693 (b) 939
(c) 981 (d) 993
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The squares of two numbers on the top placed side by side gives the number inside the bottom triangle, i.e.,
\[{{6}^{2}}\] and \[{{3}^{2}}=369\]
\[{{2}^{2}}\] and \[{{5}^{2}}=425,\]
Similarly, \[{{3}^{2}}\] and \[{{9}^{2}}=981.\]
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The number of lines making the closed figure decreases at every step.
Example 2
Rule: Closed figure becomes more and more open and open figure becomes more and more closed.
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation: The square which is a closed figure looses one side at each step and the arc which is an open figure gradually becomes a circle.
Commonly Asked Questions
Rule: The number of straight lines forming the geometrical pattern goes on increasing.
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The number of straight line forming the geometrical pattern is 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Rule: The series become complex as it proceeds.
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation: The number of lines inside the square is increased at each step making the series complex as it proceeds.
Type - II
In this type of questions, a set of figures is given in a matrix. All figures in the matrix follows the same rule. To solve these questions, one should look at the figures in matrix carefully and on the basis of this rule, find the figure that fits in the blank box.
Example 1
(a) 
(b) 
Land preparation and cultivation methodology is among the basic factors which affect the yield of crops. For getting better yield, it is important to prepare land thoroughly, so that the weeds are destroyed and water absorption capacity of the soil is increased.
Crops
When the same kind of plants are grown in the fields on a large scale to obtain foods like cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruits, etc., it is called a crop.
Agriculture
The growing of plants (or crops) in the fields for obtaining food is called agriculture.
Crop production involves various agricultural practices such as:
A microorganism or microbe is an organism that is microscopic (usually too small that cannot be seen by the naked human eye). The study of microorganisms is called microbiology.
Microorganisms live in all parts of the biosphere where there is liquid water, including soil, hot springs, on the ocean floor, high in the atmosphere and deep inside rocks within the earth's crust.
Major Groups of Micro-organisms
Coal is a sedimentary rock formed from plants that flourished millions of years (about 300 million) ago when tropical swamps covered large areas of the world. Lush vegetation, such as early club mosses, horsetails, and enormous ferns, thrived in these swamps. Generations of this vegetation died and settled to the swamp bottom and over time the organic material lost oxygen and hydrogen, leaving the material with a high percentage of carbon. Layers of mud and sand accumulated over the decomposed plant matter, compressing and hardening the organic material as the sediments deepened. Over millions of years, deepening sediment layers, known as overburden, exerted tremendous heat and pressure on the underlying plant matter, which eventually became coal.
Types of Coal
Peat Lignite Bituminous Anthracite
As geological processes apply pressure to dead biotic matter over time, under suitable conditions it is transformed successively into:
Peat: It is considered to be a precursor of coal, has industrial importance as a fuel in some regions, for example, Ireland and Finland.
Lignite: It is also referred as brown coal, is the lowest rank of coal and used almost exclusively as fuel for electric power generation.
Bituminous: It is dense rock which is usually black but sometimes dark brown, used primarily as fuel in steam-electric power generation, with substantial quantities also used for heat and power applications in manufacturing and to make coke.
Anthracite: It is the highest rank of coal; a harder, glossy, black coal used primarily for give some other use.
Petroleum
It is naturally occurring liquid. It is, also known as crude oil, a fossil fuel, formed over a period of millions of years, from organisms that lived in the sea at that time. Their dead bodies sank to the bottom of sea and were covered with mud and sand. Due to high pressure, heat, in the absence of air, the dead remains of tiny plants and animals were slowly converted into petroleum. The process of separating crude petroleum oil into more useful fractions is called refining. The various useful fractions obtained by the refining of petroleum are: Petroleum gas. Petrol, Kerosene, Diesel, Lubricating oil. Paraffin wax and bitumen.
Combustion
It is a process of rapid oxidation or burning of a substance in the presence of oxygen to produce heat and light.
Requirements for the occurrence of combustion are:
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