A person meets many people in life but there are only  Some who leave a lasting impression in our minds. There arc people we can laugh with, cry with and depend  on with utmost degree of faith. Friends make is easier for us to go through hardships and struggles in life. They provide a shoulder for us to cry on.  A very close friend of mine named Asha left the country when I was very young. She went away to the United States and thereafter I began to feel very lonely. She and I were inseparable in school. She was my partner in class and even in the evening she would come over to my house and we would spend most of our time playing together. Then her  parents decided to settle down in the States and she left. I remember how much I cried when I went to see more...

India is a country with the largest democracy in the world. Democracy means government by the people. They do this by electing their representative to the government. All those citizens of the country who have attained their adulthood have the Right to vote in a democracy. This is perhaps one of the most important rights because it determines the kind of government that comes in power. Obviously the role of the citizens is of great importance in a democracy. They have to be conscious of both rights and duties. They have to know what they should expect from their elected representatives. The citizens should be aware of the problems of their region as well as of the whole country. Only then can they understand whether the government is taking the right steps for their welfare or not. It is possible only when we give importance to our education and acquire more...

Man is a social animal. He can not live alone. Society provides all comforts and amenities of life. Hence every individual has an obligation towards the society. Students, in  particular can do a lot in this regard. India is a developing country. Students can prove themselves very helpful in the noble work of its development. Illiteracy is a curse for any nation. And it is unfortunate that most of our villages are illiterate. They even do not know whatever is happening around them. The youth can help the rural people in many ways, by spreading education among them, by developing adult education and by removing ignorance from their life. They can inspire them to keep small family by highlighting its benefits. They can persuade them to follow Family Planning, the mystery of all comforts. They can teach them to live in co-operation and work for their betterment.  Students are the more...

The annual cultural programme is one of the most auspicious days of our school. As every year, this year also, our school organised a cultural programme on the occasion of the foundation day of the school. It was organised on the 1st day of August in the morning hours beginning at 10.00 am in our school premises. A well decorated platform was erected for the occasion. The platform was beautifully decorated with flags and festoons. The school auditorium was also decorated with garlands, balloons and colourful ribbons. We were very happy to learn that the District Magistrate was invited to preside over the function. He arrived on time. He was warmly received by the headmaster, school secretary and teachers. The function started with a prayer sung by a few students. Then the Magistrate was garlanded in the midst of clapping. He delivered a brief speech and assured to help the more...

"The great promise of interferon as an antiviral agent was evident from the moment of its discovery." Dr. Sidney Pestka In 1969 research scientist and physician Dr. Sidney Pestka [b. 1936) started research into a protein called interferon, which he knew was involved in the immune system's response to viruses, bacteria, allergens, and even cancer. Pestka wanted to know its role and whether it could be used to create an antiviral drug. Interferon is a very rare protein (so potent that only a very small amount is needed to cause a large response) and it proved very difficult to get enough of a pure sample to experiment with, Pestka eventually refined a method called reverse phase high- performance liquid chromatography, which allowed for the purification of interferon in large enough quantities to study its mechanism of action. He found that interferon, secreted by human cells when they are under attack, more...

India was divided in 1947 which led to the birth of Pakistan. Both India and Pakistan have many things in common-history, culture, tradition and the freedom struggle against the same British Rule. Due to partition, there came a lot of bitterness over borders, land and river water, etc. between the two countries. India always tries to maintain a good relationship with Pakistan on cooperation, mutual trust and understanding. But the reality is that she has not been able so far to establish cordial and friendly relations with Pakistan. Pakistan has always claimed Kashmir on grounds of religion, economic need and physical security. For this it (Pakistan) has declared three major wars against India and the recent one is the Kargil conflict in 1999. Pakistan occupied certain portions of Inida in Jammu and Kashmir on this side of the Line of actual control. It was given a befitting reply and these more...

The stent, a mesh tube device designed to hold open blood vessels, has revolutionized management of coronary artery disease. The first successful stent was invented by Argentinian doctor Julio Palmaz (b. 1945). Palmaz had heard that blood vessels had a tendency to close up after balloon angioplasty, in which narrowed heart vessels are opened with a catheter. Pafmaz had the idea of putting a "scaffold" inside the vessels to prevent them from closing over. Palmaz began working on creating prototypes of an implantable stent, using simple materials such as copper wire and a soldering iron. He modeled the mesh with a structure of staggered openings he just happened to find lying on his garage floor. The design proved perfect—the structure was collapsible but remained rigid when inserted into the blood vessel. After testing his device on pigs and rabbits, Palmaz secured funding from the unlikely partnership of Phil Romano, a more...

"[The] Industrial Revolution... opened an age of... production for the needs of the masses." Ludwig von Mises, economist Spinner and carpenter James Hargreaves (1720-1778) invented this multispool spinning wheel as a way of increasing the productivity of his cotton factory in Lancashire. The "spinning jenny" had eight spindles, all of which could be operated by a single person, who rolled a beam back and forth over the yarn until it was the correct thickness. The machine increased the production of spun yarn eightfold. One story has it that a daughter of Hargreaves knocked over a spinning wheel, and he noticed that it continued to work perfectly well. This led him to consider a machine with multiple spindles, all in an upright position. The machine was so successful that yarn prices fell, upsetting the spinning community in the area. Several spinners broke into Hargreaves's house and destroyed his machines, causing him more...

The consumer is perhaps the most exploited segment of the Indian Society. Before independence the British Rulers exploited the Indian consumer for the sake of their own interests. They cheated him so that the valuable wealth may continue to flow into their country. But the scenario did not change even after India got freedom. The consumer continued to be exploited in this way or that by the traders and the manufacturers. Sometimes he was cheated in quality, sometimes in quantity. There were adulterated goods in the market, and that too at high prices. What to talk of general items, there was adulteration in essential commodities like milk, ghee, condiments and even medicines. The consumer was helpless due to lack of awareness. But now the situation has been changed. The consumer of today is fully aware of his rights. He knows that he is the backbone of the national economy and more...

Introduction. In July 2007, an unique election was held in Portugal capital Lisbon, where seven sites have been chosen as the new wonders the world in an online poll that drew more then 100 million voters. A foundation (Seven New Wonders Foundation) created by Swiss adventurous Bernard Weber has announced the 7 new sites. The Taj Mahal. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum located at Agra in Uttar Pradesh, in India. The Mughal Emperor Shahjahan constructed it in the memory of his favourite wife Mumtaz Mahal. Construction began in 1632 and was completed in approximately 1648. In 1983 the Taj became a UNESCO World Heritage site and was cited as 'the jewel of Muslim art, in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage. The Great Wall of China. Its construction started over 2000 years ago. The longest monument in the world, it extends from the more...