Current Affairs 5th Class

        Kinds of Noun   There are five kinds of noun. They are the following: 1.  Proper Noun 2.  Common Noun 3.  Collective Noun 4.  Material Noun 5.  Abstract Noun               Proper Noun   Definition: The name of a particular person, animal, place or thing is called proper noun.      

•  SachinTendulker has been achieving milestone with every match.
•  BMW is one o fthe best cars available in the market.
•  America is the only super power in the present world.  
•  The boy is reading the Geeta.  

In the sentences given above SachinTendulker is the name of a particular cricketer, BMW is the name of a particular car, America is the name of a particular country and the Geeta is the name of a particular book. Car, country, boy are nouns; and SachinTendulker, BMW, America and the Geeta are Proper Noun.             Common Noun   Definition: The name shared in common by every person, place or thing of the same kind is called a Common Noun. Common nouns are those that name things in general and do not refer to anything in particular.        

•  The doctor has prescribed him certain medicine.
•  The monkey is running here and there in search of bananas.
•  The students sitting in this class are very attentive.
•  Most of the gardens are full of greenery.  

In the sentences given above doctor indicates a class of person, monkey indicates a class of animals, students indicate a class of person and garden indicates a class of place. So these are Common Noun.               The following is the list of common nouns: Kitchen                                 Bedroom                             Bathroom Front room                          Backyard                              Front yard Church                                 Grocery Store                     Mall Parade                                 Amusement Park               Restaurant Tools                                     Car                                      Library Ocean                                   Forest                                 Closet                   Toys                                       Zoo                                     Countries Doctor's Office                    Veterinarian                        Sports Buildings                              Castle                           more...

      Clipart     You can enhance the look of your documents and give them a professional touch. - MS-Word, this can be achieved by inserting a Clipart into your document. Clipart s a collection of readymade art, designs, graphics, and photographs that are a part of MS Word software.           Steps to insert a Clipart:

• Place the cursor in the location where clipart is to be added.
• Click on the Insert menu.
• Choose the Picture option and then select Clipart. The Insert Clipart dialog box displays as shown in the figure. (See Figure 5.4.7)  

        Clipart in Word is categorized and related to keywords. By typing a keyword in the Search for clips field and pressing Enter, Word will search for alt clips associated with that word and display the relevant images. Suppose you entered 'sports' as the keyword, you will see a listing of images related to sports. Once you have located the right clip you want to insert, click and choose the Insert Clip button or Right-click on the clip and choose Insert Clip. This will insert the clipart in your document.              In the MS Word software, Clipart is a collection of____. (A) Readymade art                                          (B) Readymade designs (C) Readymade graphics and photographs (D) All of the above                                         (E) None of the above     Answer: (d) Explanation Correct Option: (D) All of the above: Clipart is a collection of readymade art, designs, graphics, and photographs that are a part of MS Word software. Incorrect Options: (A) Readymade art: This option is only partially correct (B) Readymade designs: This option is only partially correct (C) Readymade graphics and photographs: This option is only partially correct (E) None of the above; This option is only partially correct          To use the Clipart feature, you need to first click on the____. (A) Tools menu                                                 (B) Insert menu (C) View menu                                                  (D) None of these (E) All of these     Answer: (b) Explanation Correct Option: (B) Tools menu: To use the Clipart feature, you need to first click on the Insert menu. Incorrect Options: (A) Tools menu: This option is incorrect (C) View menu: This option is incorrect (D) None of these: This is an invalid option

        Introduction   Definition: A word that is used to denote the name of a person, place, thing or quality, is called noun.        

•  Shyam offers his help to Mr. Ramnath.
•  The number of tigers in India is reducing day by day.
•  Girls are taking keen interest in the maintenance of the garden.
•  The demand of jewellary during Dhanteras becomes very high.  

In the sentences given above Shyam and Mr. Ramnath are names of persons, Tiger is the name of animal, garden is the name of a place and jewellary is the name of thing. These names are Nouns. (i) All naming words are noun.      For Example : Names of birds, insects, flowers, fruits, material etc.   (ii) Words denoting feeling of heart and quality or state of human beings are also noun.     For Example : Childhood, Honesty, Poverty, and Happiness etc.  

    Adding Animation     Children mostly enjoy cartoons on television, which is an example of animation. In MS Word also you can create a simulation of movement.       Steps to add animation:

• Open a document and create the text you want to animate.
• Click and hold the mouse button as you drag the cursor over the text to highlight it. Release the mouse button. You will notice that the text will stay highlighted.
• Click on the "Format" menu.
• Select the "Font" option in the Format menu.
• In the Font dialog box, click on the "Text Effects" tab to access the text- animation options. You will see some options in the list such as Blinking Background, Shimmer and Sparkle Text.
• Choose any one and you can see the effect in the "Preview" field at the bottom of the Font dialog box.
• Once you have selected the desired animation effect, click on the "OK" button to finalize your selection. (See Figure 5.4.6)  

             In MS Word, you can create a simulation of movement. The given statement is_____________. (A) True                                               (B) False   Answer: (a) Explanation Correct Option: (A) True: In MS Word, you can create a simulation of movement. Incorrect Option: (B) False          To create animated text in Word, you need to first click on the_____. (A) Format menu                                             (B) Insert menu (C) View menu                                                  (D) none of these (E) All of these     Answer: (a) Explanation Correct Option: (A) Format menu: To create animated text in Word, you need to first click on the Format menu. Incorrect Options: (B) Insert menu: This option is incorrect (C) View menu: This option is incorrect (D) None of these: This is an invalid option

   Applying Colour     Microsoft Word contains many tools for giving a document a professional, polished look. To colour the text and make it look like as if it was marked by a highlighter pen, select the required text and then click on the button on the toolbar. You can use the down arrow to view the list of available colours and then select the one you want. (See Figure 5.4.5)                Which icon would you use to highlight text?                                                  (a)                                             (b)  (c)                                                                              (d)             (E) None of these     Answer: (c) Explanation Correct Option: (C)   icon would be used to highlight text. Incorrect Options: (A)  This option is incorrect (B) This option is incorrect (D)  This option is incorrect          Microsoft Word contains many tools for giving a document a professional, polished look. The statement is_________. (A) True                                                               (B) False     Answer: (a) Explanation Correct Option: (A) True: Microsoft Word contains many tools for giving a document a professional, polished look. Incorrect Option: (B) False

       Words Counting   For your school assignment, you might need to write an essay of 200 words. While typing in Word, you can get an idea of how many words you have written, without manually counting them. To count words for a specific selection or a paragraph, select the text that you want. If you do not select any text, Microsoft Word counts the words in the whole document. (See Figure 5.4.4)               Steps:

• Click on the Tools menu.
• Select the Word Count option.

Word displays counts for words, paragraphs, lines, and characters. To add or remove footnotes and endnotes from the count, select or clear the Include footnotes and endnotes check box.              Word displays counts for__________. (A) Words                                                           (B) Paragraphs (C) Lines                                                               (D) Characters (E) All of the above     Answer: (e) Explanation Correct Option: (E) All of the above: Word displays counts for words, paragraphs, lines, and characters. Incorrect Options: (A) Words: This option is only partially correct (B) Paragraphs: This option is only partially correct (C) Lines: This option is only partially correct (D) Characters: This option is only partially correct          If you do not select any text, Microsoft Word counts the words in the whole document. The statement is________ . (A) True                                                                               (B) False     Answer: (a) Explanation Correct Option: (A) True Incorrect Option: (B) False

        Types of Sentence as Per Structure   All the sentences given above are divided into the following types: (i) Simple (ii) Compound (iii) Complex             Simple Sentences   Simple sentences contain no conjunction (i.e., and, but, or, etc.)    

•  Rahul ate his food quickly.
•  I visited the zoo with my family.
•  Have you done your work?  

          Compound Sentences   Compound sentences contain two statements that are connected by a conjunction (i.e., and, but, or, etc.).      

•  I wanted to come, but it was late.
•  The company had an excellent year, so they gave everyone a bonus.
•  I went shopping, and my wife went to her classes.  

          Complex Sentences   Complex sentences contain a dependent clause and at least one independent clause. The two clauses are connected by a subordinator (i.e, which, who, although, despite, if, since, etc.).      

•  My daughter, who was late for class, arrived shortly after the bell rang.
•  That's the man who bought our house.
•  Although it was difficult, the class passed the test with excellent marks.  

     

•  A group of words that makes complete sense is called a sentence.
•  The words in a sentence are placed in their proper order to make complete sense.
•  There are five kinds of sentence. v  Interrogative sentences end with a Q. Mark (?)
•  In imperative sentence, subject is generally hidden.
•  Exclamation mark (!) is put at the end of exclamatory sentence.
•  A question begins with either 'Helping Verb' (is, am, are, was, were, has, have, had, do, does, did, can, will, shall, may, etc.) or 'Question Word' (What, where, how, when, whom, which, why, etc.).
•  A sentence can be of one of the three types on the basis of its structure.      

        Practice Exercise   Identify the types of sentence represented by each of the following sentences.       When are you planning to visit your parents?   Answer: Interrogative Sentence           I was extremely worried about my test paper.   Answer: Assertive Sentence         How beautiful is the picture!   Answer: Exclamatory Sentence         He was climbing on the roof.   Answer: Affirmative Sentence         Read the sentences carefully and identify their kinds.     London was a power center for the entire world for many centuries. (A) Statement                                                   (B) Interrogative (C) Imperative                                                   (D) Exclamatory (E) Optative   Answer: (a)         Alas ! He has failed in the exam. (A) Assertive                                                     (B) Interrogative (C) Imperative                                                   (D) Exclamatory (E) Optative   Answer: (d)  

     Checking Grammar   While entering text in Word, some grammatical errors may creep in, like the usage of the wrong tense, agreement of the verb with the subject and so on. In such a case, MS Word can inform you that you may have violated a rule of grammar. Thus, this is a helpful proofreading tool. (See figure 5.4.3)                Steps:

• Open Microsoft Word and click on the 'Tools' menu.
• Select "Options" from the 'Tools' menu.
• Select the "Spelling and Grammar" tab from the window that comes up.
• Look for the "Grammar" section at the lower portion of the window. Check the box that says "Check grammar as you type." Microsoft Word will now underline any possible grammatical mistakes as they arise in your typing.
• Type your document and look for wavy green underlines to your text. Microsoft Word underlines possibly misspelled words in red and possible grammar errors in green.
• Right-click on the text underlined in green for a list of options. Microsoft Word may offer you a suggestion for changing your sentence or a tip to revise a sentence fragment.
• Left-click on a suggested revision to replace the underlined text with it. Choose "Ignore Once" to have Microsoft Word ignore the possible mistake only this time. Microsoft Word continues to check your document for this same type of error.
• Choose "Grammar" from the drop down menu for more options and explanation of the possible error the grammar check found.  

           Microsoft Word underlines possible grammar errors in __________ colour. (A) Orange                                                          (B) Blue (C) Red                                                                 (D) Green (E) None of these     Answer: (d) Explanation Correct Option: (D) Green: Microsoft Word underlines possible grammar errors in green colour. Incorrect Options: (A) Orange: This option is incorrect (B) Blue: This option is incorrect                                          (C) Red: This option is incorrect        To check the grammatical errors in your document, you would first need to open the_________. (A) Insert menu                                                (B) Tools menu (C) References menu                                     (D) None of these (E) All of these   Answer: (b) Explanation Correct Option: (B) Tools menu: To use the Spelling and Grammar option, you need to first click on the Tools menu. Incorrect Options: (a) Insert menu: This option is incorrect (C) References menu: This option is incorrect (D) None of these: This is an invalid option

        Kinds of Sentences             Look at the following Sentences:   1.  I congratulated him on his performance in the annual exam. 2.  We need to be careful while walking on the road. 3.  What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the modern electronic gadgets? 4.  Who are you to interfere in my personal matter? 5.  I have told you several times to shut the door. 6.  He requested me to help him in his project so that he could submit it on time. 7.  Look at the warning which says not to take photographs. 8.  Hurrah! India secured second position in the Common Wealth Games 9.  What a great victory Indian team has registered against Australia! 10.  May you get a job soon?             The sentences given above show different expressions:   Sentences 1 and 2 express statements in general way. Sentences 3 and 4 express questions. Sentences 5, 6 and 7 express an order, a request or a prohibition. Sentences 8 and 9 express happiness and surprise. Sentences 10 express a wish or a desire. On the basis of these expression a sentence can be divided into five kinds 1.  Statement                                  (Or Assertive Sentence) 2.  Question                                     (Or Interrogative Sentence) 3.  Command                                  (Or Imperative Sentence) 4.  Exclamation                               (Or Exclamatory Sentence) 5.  Optative                                      (Or Optative Sentence)                 Statement-Assertive Sentence or declarative   A sentence that says or states something is called an assertive or declarative sentence. The sentence which simply state something is called a statement or an Assertive Sentence.        

•  An elephant is considered as the largest land animal.
•  Hard work always pays.
•  I have been threatened by him again and again.
•  People are always curious to know about the unknown facts.  

There are two types of statements. (I)  Affirmative Statement (II)  Negative Statement               Affirmative Statement The sentence which affirms something is called an Affirmative Statement.      

•  The President of the USA is going to visit India.
•  He intruded and attacked into the enemy camp.

These sentences affirm something. So, these are Affirmative Statements.       more...